No Arabic abstract
We prove that for a connected, semisimple linear Lie group $G$ the spaces of generating pairs of elements or subgroups are well-behaved in a number of ways: the set of pairs of elements generating a dense subgroup is Zariski-open in the compact case, Euclidean-open in general, and always dense. Similarly, for sufficiently generic circle subgroups $H_i$, $i=1,2$ of $G$, the space of conjugates of $H_i$ that generate a dense subgroup is always Zariski-open and dense. Similar statements hold for pairs of Lie subalgebras of the Lie algebra $Lie(G)$.
Using a strong version of the Curve Selection Lemma for real semianalytic sets, we prove that for an arbitrary connected Lie group $G$, each connected component of the set $E_n(G)$ of all elements of order $n$ in $G$ is a conjugacy class in $G$. In particular, all conjugacy classes of finite order in $G$ are closed. Some properties of connected components of $E_n(G)$ are also given.
We describe a new algorithm for computing braid orbits on Nielsen classes. As an application we classify all families of affine genus zero systems; that is all families of coverings of the Riemann sphere by itself such that the monodromy group is a primitive affine permutation group.
Let H be a reductive subgroup of a reductive group G over an algebraically closed field k. We consider the action of H on G^n, the n-fold Cartesian product of G with itself, by simultaneous conjugation. We give a purely algebraic characterization of the closed H-orbits in G^n, generalizing work of Richardson which treats the case H = G. This characterization turns out to be a natural generalization of Serres notion of G-complete reducibility. This concept appears to be new, even in characteristic zero. We discuss how to extend some key results on G-complete reducibility in this framework. We also consider some rationality questions.
In this paper, we give a simple formula for sectional curvatures on the general linear group, which is also valid for many other matrix groups. Similar formula is given for a reductive Lie group. We also discuss the relation between commuting matrices and zero sectional curvature.
Denote by $m(G)$ the largest size of a minimal generating set of a finite group $G$. We estimate $m(G)$ in terms of $sum_{pin pi(G)}d_p(G),$ where we are denoting by $d_p(G)$ the minimal number of generators of a Sylow $p$-subgroup of $G$ and by $pi(G)$ the set of prime numbers dividing the order of $G$.