No Arabic abstract
The mode coupling instability for coasting beams has been discussed in a previous paper using macroparticle tracking simulations from the pyHeadTail code and a simple analytical formula which was proposed as an extension of the ansatz used for the single-particle formalism. In this paper, we propose a self-consistent derivation of this formula based on the linearized Vlasov equation. The proposed mode coupling instability for coasting beams was never predicted or discussed in the past and we believe that the reason is twofold. First, to derive it analytically from the linearized Vlasov equation, one should not make the usual approximation $sin(phi)simeq (e^{jphi})/(2j)$, where $phi$ is the transverse betatron phase, but really consider the two terms of $sin(phi)=(e^{jphi}-e^{-jphi})/(2j)$ as the second term is the one responsible for the mode coupling in coasting beams. It should be stressed here that mode coupling is found already with driving impedance only. Note that the previous approximation is also usually made for bunched beams and this case should therefore also be carefully reviewed in the future. Second, by including the detuning impedance, the coupling is much stronger and this is what we found also in pyHeadTail simulations.
In this comment we show untenability of key points of the recent article of N. Biancacci, E. Metral and M. Migliorati [Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 23, 124402 (2020)], hereafter the Article and the Authors. Specifically, the main Eqs. (23), suggested to describe mode coupling, are shown to be unacceptable even as an approximation. The Article claims the solution of this pair of equations to be in excellent agreement with the pyHEADTAIL simulations for CERN PS, which is purportedly demonstrated by Fig. 6. Were it really so, it would be a signal of a mistake in the code. However, the key part of the simulation results is not actually shown, and the demonstrated agreement has all the features of an illusion.
Transverse beam stability is strongly affected by the beam space charge. Usually it is analyzed with the rigid-beam model. However this model is only valid when a bare (not affected by the space charge) tune spread is small compared to the space charge tune shift. This condition specifies a relatively small area of parameters which, however, is the most interesting for practical applications. The Landau damping rate and the beam Schottky spectra are computed assuming that validity condition is satisfied. The results are applied to a round Gaussian beam. The stability thresholds are described by simple fits for the cases of chromatic and octupole tune spreads.
As a consequence of motions driven by external forces, self-fields originate within an electron bunch, which are different from the static case. In the case of magnetic external forces acting on an ultrarelativistic beam, the longitudinal self-interactions are responsible for CSR (Coherent Synchrotron Radiation)-related phenomena, which have been studied extensively. On the other hand, transverse self-interactions are present too. At the time being, several existing theoretical analysis of transverse dynamics rely on the so-called cancellation effect, which has been around for more than ten years. In this paper we explain why in our view such an effect is not of practical nor of theoretical importance.
We consider a dilute and ultracold bosonic gas of weakly-interacting atoms. Within the framework of quantum field theory we derive a zero-temperature modified Gross-Pitaevskii equation with beyond-mean-field corrections due to quantum depletion and anomalous density. This result is obtained from the stationary equation of the Bose-Einstein order parameter coupled to the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations of the out-of-condensate field operator. We show that, in the presence of a generic external trapping potential, the key steps to get the modified Gross-Pitaevskii equation are the semiclassical approximation for the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, a slowly-varying order parameter, and a small quantum depletion. In the uniform case, from the modified Gross-Pitaevskii equation we get the familiar equation of state with Lee-Huang-Yang correction.
The brightness of the antiproton beam in Fermilabs 8 GeV Recycler ring is limited by a transverse instability. This instability has occurred during the extraction process to the Tevatron for large stacks of antiprotons even with dampers in operation. This paper describes observed features of the instability, introduces the threshold phase density to characterize the beam stability, and finds the results to be in agreement with a resistive wall instability model. Effective exclusion of the longitudinal tails from Landau damping by decreasing the depth of the RF potential well is observed to lower the threshold density by up to a factor of two.