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Register a new userUniversal algorithms for computing spectra of periodic operators
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Schrodinger operators with periodic (possibly complex-valued) potentials and discrete periodic operators (possibly with complex-valued entries) are considered, and in both cases the computational spectral problem is investigated: namely, under what conditions can a one-size-fits-all algorithm for computing their spectra be devised? It is shown that for periodic banded matrices this can be done, as well as for Schrodinger operators with periodic potentials that are sufficiently smooth. In both cases implementable algorithms are provided, along with examples. For certain Schrodinger operators whose potentials may diverge at a single point (but are otherwise well-behaved) it is shown that there does not exist such an algorithm, though it is shown that the computation is possible if one allows for two successive limits.
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For any multi-graph $G$ with edge weights and vertex potential, and its universal covering tree $mathcal{T}$, we completely characterize the point spectrum of operators $A_{mathcal{T}}$ on $mathcal{T}$ arising as pull-backs of local, self-adjoint operators $A_{G}$ on $G$. This builds on work of Aomoto, and includes an alternative proof of the necessary condition for point spectrum he derived in (Aomoto, 1991). Our result gives a finite time algorithm to compute the point spectrum of $A_{mathcal{T}}$ from the graph $G$, and additionally allows us to show that this point spectrum is contained in the spectrum of $A_{G}$. Finally, we prove that typical pull-back operators have a spectral delocalization property: the set of edge weight and vertex potential parameters of $A_{G}$ giving rise to $A_{mathcal{T}}$ with purely absolutely continuous spectrum is open and its complement has large codimension.
We study perturbations of the self-adjoint periodic Sturm--Liouville operator [ A_0 = frac{1}{r_0}left(-frac{mathrm d}{mathrm dx} p_0 frac{mathrm d}{mathrm dx} + q_0right) ] and conclude under $L^1$-assumptions on the differences of the coefficients that the essential spectrum and absolutely continuous spectrum remain the same. If a finite first moment condition holds for the differences of the coefficients, then at most finitely many eigenvalues appear in the spectral gaps. This observation extends a seminal result by Rofe-Beketov from the 1960s. Finally, imposing a second moment condition we show that the band edges are no eigenvalues of the perturbed operator.
We introduce the concept of essential numerical range $W_{!e}(T)$ for unbounded Hilbert space operators $T$ and study its fundamental properties including possible equivalent characterizations and perturbation results. Many of the properties known for the bounded case do emph{not} carry over to the unbounded case, and new interesting phenomena arise which we illustrate by some striking examples. A key feature of the essential numerical range $W_{!e}(T)$ is that it captures spectral pollution in a unified and minimal way when approximating $T$ by projection methods or domain truncation methods for PDEs.
Smoothing (and decay) spacetime estimates are discussed for evolution groups of self-adjoint operators in an abstract setting. The basic assumption is the existence (and weak continuity) of the spectral density in a functional setting. Spectral identities for the time evolution of such operators are derived, enabling results concerning best constants for smoothing estimates. When combined with suitable comparison principles (analogous to those established in our previous work), they yield smoothing estimates for classes of functions of the operators . A important particular case is the derivation of global spacetime estimates for a perturbed operator $H+V$ on the basis of its comparison with the unperturbed operator $H.$ A number of applications are given, including smoothing estimates for fractional Laplacians, Stark Hamiltonians and Schrodinger operators with potentials.
The compression of the resolvent of a non-self-adjoint Schrodinger operator $-Delta+V$ onto a subdomain $Omegasubsetmathbb R^n$ is expressed in a Krein-Naimark type formula, where the Dirichlet realization on $Omega$, the Dirichlet-to-Neumann maps, and certain solution operators of closely related boundary value problems on $Omega$ and $mathbb R^nsetminusoverlineOmega$ are being used. In a more abstract operator theory framework this topic is closely connected and very much inspired by the so-called coupling method that has been developed for the self-adjoint case by Henk de Snoo and his coauthors.
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