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Register a new userMonitoring of Particle Flux and LET Variations with Pulse Stretching Inverters
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This work investigates the use of pulse stretching inverters for monitoring the variation of flux and Linear Energy Transfer (LET) of energetic particles. The basic particle detector consists of two cascaded pulse stretching (skew-sized) inverters designed in CMOS technology, and the required sensing area is obtained by connecting multiple two-inverter pulse stretching cells in parallel, and employing the required number of parallel arrays. The particle strikes are detected in terms of the Single Event Transients (SETs), and the detector provides the information on the SET count rate and SET pulse width variation, from which the particle flux and LET can be determined. The main advantage of the proposed solution is the possibility to sense the LET variations using purely digital processing logic. The SPICE simulations done on IHP 130 nm bulk CMOS technology have shown that the SET pulse width at the output of detector changes by 550 ps over the LET range from 1 to 100 MeVcm2mg-1. The proposed solution is intended to operate as an on-chip particle detector within the self-adaptive multiprocessing systems.
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The soft error rate (SER) of integrated circuits (ICs) operating in space environment may vary by several orders of magnitude due to the variable intensity of radiation exposure. To ensure the radiation hardness without compromising the system performance, it is necessary to implement the dynamic hardening mechanisms which can be activated under the critical radiation exposure. Such operating scenario requires the real-time detection of energetic particles responsible for the soft errors. Although numerous particle detection solutions have been reported, very few works address the on-chip particle detectors suited for the self-adaptive fault tolerant microprocessor systems for space missions. This work reviews the state-of-the-art particle detectors, with emphasis on two solutions for the self-adaptive systems: particle detector based on embedded SRAM and particle detector based on pulse stretching inverters.
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Microgrids are increasingly recognized as a key technology for the integration of distributed energy resources into the power network, allowing local clusters of load and distributed energy resources to operate autonomously. However, microgrid operation brings new challenges, especially in islanded operation as frequency and voltage control are no longer provided by large rotating machines. Instead, the power converters in the microgrid must coordinate to regulate the frequency and voltage and ensure stability. We consider the problem of designing controllers to achieve these objectives. Using passivity theory to derive decentralized stability conditions for the microgrid, we propose a control design method for grid-forming inverters. For the analysis we use higher-order models for the inverters and also advanced dynamic models for the lines with an arbitrarily large number of states. By satisfying the decentralized condition formulated, plug-and-play operation can be achieved with guaranteed stability, and performance can also be improved by incorporating this condition as a constraint in corresponding optimization problems formulated. In addition, our control design can improve the power sharing properties of the microgrid compared to previous non-droop approaches. Finally, realistic simulations confirm that the controller design improves the stability and performance of the power network.
This article introduces a design of a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), for the field of diamond particle detectors. This amplifier is described from simulation to measurements, which include pulses from {alpha} particles detection. In hadron therapy, with high-frequency pulsed particle beams, the diamond detector is a promising candidate for beam monitoring and time-stamping, with prerequisite of fast electronics. The LNA is designed with surface mounted components and RF layout techniques to control costs and to allow timing performance suitable for sub-nanosecond edges of pulses. Also this amplifier offers the possibility of high voltage biasing, a characteristic essential for driving diamond detectors. Finally the greatest asset of this study is certainly the minimization of the power consumption, which allows us to consider designs with multiple amplifiers, in limited space, for striped diamond detectors.
This thesis is organized as follows: Chapter 1 introduces the background, motivation, objectives, and contributions of this thesis. Chapter 2 presents a review of existing online impedance extraction approaches. Chapter 3 proposes the improved measurement setup of the inductive coupling approach and introduces the theory behind time-variant online impedance extraction. Chapter 4 develops a three-term calibration technique for the proposed measurement setup to deembed the effect of the probe-to-probe coupling between the inductive probes with the objective to improve the accuracy of online impedance extraction. Chapter 5 discusses the additional measurement setup consideration in industrial applications where significant electrical noise and power surges are present. Chapter 6 discusses and demonstrates the application of the inductive coupling approach in online detection of the incipient stator faults in the inverter-fed induction motor. Chapter 7 further extends the application of this approach for non-intrusive extraction of the voltage-dependent capacitances of the silicon carbide (SiC) power metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). Finally, Chapter 8 concludes this thesis and proposes future works that are worth exploring.
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