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Register a new userBreather molecular complexes in a passively mode-locked fibre laser
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Breathing solitons are nonlinear waves in which the energy concentrates in a localized and oscillatory fashion. Similarly to stationary solitons, breathers in dissipative systems can form stable bound states displaying molecule-like dynamics, which are frequently called breather molecules. So far, the experimental observation of optical breather molecules and the real-time detection of their dynamics have been limited to diatomic molecules, that is, bound states of only two breathers. In this work, we report on the observation of different types of breather complexes in a mode-locked fibre laser: multi-breather molecules, and molecular complexes originating from the binding of two breather-pair molecules or a breather pair molecule and a single breather. The inter-molecular temporal separation of the molecular complexes attains several hundreds of picoseconds, which is more than an order of magnitude larger than that of their stationary soliton counterparts and is a signature of long-range interactions. Numerical simulations of the laser model support our experimental findings. Moreover, non-equilibrium dynamics of breathing solitons are also observed, including breather collisions and annihilation. Our work opens the possibility of studying the dynamics of many-body systems in which breathers are the elementary constituents.
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We report on the characterization of the timing stability of passively mode-locked discrete mode diode laser sources. These are edge-emitting devices with a spatially varying refractive index profile for spectral filtering. Two devices with a mode-locking frequency of 100 GHz are characterized. The first device is designed to support a comb of six modes and generates near Fourier limited 1.9 ps pulses. The second supports four primary modes resulting in a sinusoidal modulation of the optical intensity. Using a cross-correlation technique, we measured a 20 fs pulse to pulse timing jitter for the first device, while, for the second device, a mode-beating (RF) linewidth of 1 MHz was measured using heterodyne mixing in a semiconductor optical amplifier. Comparison of these results with those obtained for an equivalent Fabry-Perot laser indicates that the spectral filtering mechanism employed does not adversely affect the timing properties of these passively mode-locked devices.
We report on the observation of bound states of gain-guided solitons (GGSs) in a dispersion-managed erbium-doped fiber laser operating in the normal net cavity dispersion regime. Despite of the fact that the GGS is a chirped soliton and there is strong pulse stretching and compression along the cavity in the laser, the bound solitons observed have a fixed pulse separation, which is invariant to the pump strength change. Numerical simulation confirmed the experimental observations.
We study the effect of noise on the dynamics of passively mode-locked semiconductor lasers both experimentally and theoretically. A method combining analytical and numerical approaches for estimation of pulse timing jitter is proposed. We investigate how the presence of dynamical features such as wavelength bistability affects timing jitter.
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Alexey Andrianov
, Arkady Kim (Institute of Applied Physics of then Russian Academy of Sciences
, Nizhny Novgorod
2019
We present the first direct observation of the bound state of multiple dissipative optical solitons in which bond length and bond strength can be individually controlled in a broad range in a regular manner. We have observed experimentally a new type of stable and extremely elastic soliton crystals that can be stretched and compressed many times conserving their structure by adjusting the bond properties in real time in a specially designed passively mode-locked fiber laser incorporating highly asymmetric tunable Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The temporal structure and dynamics of the generated soliton crystals have been studied using an asynchronous optical sampling system with picosecond resolution. We demonstrated that stable and robust soliton crystal can be formed by two types of primitive structures: single dissipative solitons, and(or) pairs of dissipative soliton and pulse with lower amplitude. Continuous stretching and compression of a soliton crystal with extraordinary high ratio of more than 30 has been demonstrated with a smallest recorded separation between pulses as low as 5 ps corresponding to an effective repetition frequency of 200 GHz. Collective pulse dynamics, including soliton crystal self-assembling, cracking and transformation of crystals comprising pulse pairs to the crystals of similar pulses has been observed experimentally.
Dual-comb lasers from which asynchronous ultrashort pulses can be simultaneously generated have recently become an interesting research subject. They could be an intriguing alternative to the current dual-laser optical-frequency-comb source with highly sophisticated electronic control systems. If generated through a common light path traveled by all pulses, the common-mode noises between the spectral lines of different pulse trains could be significantly reduced. Therefore, coherent dual-comb generation from a completely common-path, unidirectional lasing cavity would be an interesting territory to explore. In this paper, we demonstrate such a dual-comb lasing scheme based on a nanomaterial saturable absorber with additional pulse narrowing and broadening mechanisms concurrently introduced into a mode-locked fiber laser. The interactions between multiple soliton formation mechanisms result in unusual bifurcation into two-pulse states with quite different characteristics. Simultaneous oscillation of pulses with four-fold difference in pulsewidths and tens of Hz repetition rate difference is observed. The coherence between these spectral-overlapped, picosecond and femtosecond pulses is further verified by the corresponding asynchronous cross-sampling and dual-comb spectroscopy measurements.
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