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ProtoDUNE-DP is a 6x6x6 m3 liquid argon time-projection-chamber operated at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2019-2020 as a prototype of the Dual Phase concept for the DUNE Far Detector. The Photon Detection System (PDS) is based on 36 8-inch photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs) and allows triggering on the scintillation light signals produced by cosmic rays and other charged particles traversing the detector. The acquisition and calibration software specifically developed for the ProtoDUNE-DP PDS is described in this paper. This software controls the high-voltage power supplies, the calibration system, and the PDS DAQ. It has been developed with Qt Creator, and features different operation modes, and a graphical user interface. This software has already been validated and used during the ProtoDUNE-DP operation.
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In this note, we address the beam performance (particle content, rates) with emphasis on the momentum determination and particle identification methods for the new H2-VLE (Very Low Energy) beam line that will serve the double phase ProtoDUNE experiment (also known as WA105), in the framework of the CENF project. The proposed instrumentation is configured to achieve an optimal pi/K/proton separation over the full spectrum of provided beam energies, from 0.4 GeV up to 12 GeV, as well as precise momentum measurement to a percent level, if required by the experiment. This note focuses on the H2-VLE beam line for the Double Phase ProtoDUNE experiment, however the same approach can be implemented for the H4-VLE beam, since the design of the two beam lines is very similar.
EUDAQ is a generic data acquisition software developed for use in conjunction with common beam telescopes at charged particle beam lines. Providing high-precision reference tracks for performance studies of new sensors, beam telescopes are essential for the research and development towards future detectors for high-energy physics. As beam time is a highly limited resource, EUDAQ has been designed with reliability and ease-of-use in mind. It enables flexible integration of different independent devices under test via their specific data acquisition systems into a top-level framework. EUDAQ controls all components globally, handles the data flow centrally and synchronises and records the data streams. Over the past decade, EUDAQ has been deployed as part of a wide range of successful test beam campaigns and detector development applications.
The data acquisition software framework, EUDAQ, was originally developed to read out data from the EUDET-type pixel telescopes. This was successfully used in many test beam campaigns in which an external position and time reference were required. The software has recently undergone a significant upgrade, EUDAQ2, which is a generic, modern and modular system for use by many different detector types, ranging from tracking detectors to calorimeters. EUDAQ2 is suited as an overarching software that links individual detector readout systems and simplifies the integration of multiple detectors. The framework itself supports several triggering and event building modes. This flexibility makes test beams with multiple detectors significantly easier and more efficient, as EUDAQ2 can adapt to the characteristics of each detector prototype during testing. The system has been thoroughly tested during multiple test beams involving different detector prototypes. EUDAQ2 has now been released and is freely available under an open-source license.
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a leading-edge, international experiment for neutrino science and proton decay studies. This experiment is looking for answers regarding several fundamental questions about the nature of matter and the evolution of the universe: origin of matter, unification of forces, physics of black holes. Two far detector prototypes using two distinct technologies have been developed at CERN. The prototypes are testing and validating the liquid argon time projection chamber technology (LArTPC). In neutrino physics, as well as in any experiment with rare interaction rate, the good knowledge of the radioactive backgrounds is important to the success of the study. Unlike most of the charged particles or short lived neutral particles, muons and neutrons represent the main sources of background for this kind of experiments. In this paper, we have considered two sources of neutrons: cosmic neutrons and neutrons coming from the accelerating tunnel. Also, cosmic muons are taken into account. The contribution of these particles to the production of radioactive isotopes inside the active volume of the detector in comparison to the one corresponding to muons is shown. Also, simulations of nuclear reactions for the processes of interest for investigating the radioactive background due to the lack of measurements or insufficient experimental data are presented. The results presented are of interest for the future underground DUNE experiment.
ProtoDUNE-SP is the single-phase DUNE Far Detector prototype that is under construction and will be operated at the CERN Neutrino Platform (NP) starting in 2018. ProtoDUNE-SP, a crucial part of the DUNE effort towards the construction of the first DUNE 10-kt fiducial mass far detector module (17 kt total LAr mass), is a significant experiment in its own right. With a total liquid argon (LAr) mass of 0.77 kt, it represents the largest monolithic single-phase LArTPC detector to be built to date. Its technical design is given in this report.
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