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Register a new userPhoton-jet as a probe of axion-like particles at the LHC
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Axion-like particles (ALPs) are predicted by many extensions of the Standard Model (SM). When ALP mass lies in the range of MeV to GeV, the cosmology and astrophysics will be largely irrelevant. In this work, we investigate such light ALPs through the ALP-strahlung process $pp to V a (to gammagamma)$ at the LHC. With the photon-jet algorithm, we demonstrate that our approach can extend the LHC sensitivity and improve the existing limits on ALP-photon coulping in the ALP mass range from 0.3 GeV to 10 GeV at the 14 TeV LHC with an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb$^{-1}$.
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We propose a new collider probe for axion-like particles (ALPs), and more generally for pseudo-Goldstone bosons: non-resonant searches which take advantage of the derivative nature of their interactions with Standard Model particles. ALPs can participate as off-shell mediators in the $s$-channel of $2 to 2$ scattering processes at colliders like the LHC. We exemplify the power of this novel type of search by deriving new limits on ALP couplings to gauge bosons via the processes $p p to Z Z$, $p p to gamma gamma$ and $p p to j j$ using Run 2 CMS public data, probing previously unexplored areas of the ALP parameter space. In addition, we propose future non-resonant searches involving the ALP coupling to other electroweak bosons and/or the Higgs particle.
The question if the Bose statistics is broken at the TeV scale is discussed. The decay of a new heavy spin 1 gauge boson Z into two photons, Z-> 2 gamma, is forbidden by the Bose statistics among other general principles of quantum field theory (Landau-Yang theorem). We point out that the search for this decay can be effectively used to probe the Bose symmetry violation at the CERN LHC.
We explore the sensitivity of photon-beam experiments to axion-like particles (ALPs) with QCD-scale masses whose dominant coupling to the Standard Model is either to photons or gluons. We introduce a novel data-driven method that eliminates the need for knowledge of nuclear form factors or the photon-beam flux when considering coherent Primakoff production off a nuclear target, and show that data collected by the PrimEx experiment could substantially improve the sensitivity to ALPs with $0.03 lesssim m_a lesssim 0.3$ GeV. Furthermore, we explore the potential sensitivity of running the GlueX experiment with a nuclear target and its planned PrimEx-like calorimeter. For the case where the dominant coupling is to gluons, we study photoproduction for the first time, and predict the future sensitivity of the GlueX experiment using its nominal proton target. Finally, we set world-leading limits for both the ALP-gluon coupling and the ALP-photon coupling based on public mass plots.
Next-to-leading order predictions matched to parton showers are compared with recent ATLAS data on inclusive photon production and CMS data on associated photon and jet production in pp and pPb collisions at different centre-of-mass energies of the LHC. We find good agreement and, as expected, considerably reduced scale uncertainties compared to previous theoretical calculations. Predictions are made for the ratio of inclusive photons over decay photons $R_gamma$, an important quantity to evaluate the significance of additional photon sources, e.g. thermal radiation from a Quark-Gluon-Plasma, and for distributions in the parton momentum fraction in lead ions $x_{rm Pb}^{rm obs}$, that could be determined by ALICE, ATLAS, CMS and LHCb in ongoing analyses of photon+jet production in pPb collisions at $sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV. These data should have an important impact on the determination of nuclear effects such as shadowing at low $x$.
There are broadly three channels to probe axion-like particles (ALPs) produced in the laboratory: through their subsequent decay to Standard Model (SM) particles, their scattering with SM particles, or their subsequent conversion to photons. Decay and scattering are the most commonly explored channels in beam-dump type experiments, while conversion has typically been utilized by light-shining-through-wall (LSW) experiments. A new class of experiments, dubbed PASSAT (Particle Accelerator helioScopes for Slim Axion-like-particle deTection), has been proposed to make use of the ALP-to-photon conversion in a novel way: ALPs, after being produced in a beam-dump setup, turn into photons in a magnetic field placed near the source. It has been shown that such hybrid beam-dump-helioscope experiments can probe regions of parameter space that have not been investigated by other laboratory-based experiments, hence providing complementary information; in particular, they probe a fundamentally different region than decay or LSW experiments. We propose the implementation of PASSAT in future neutrino experiments, taking a DUNE-like experiment as an example. We demonstrate that the magnetic field in the planned DUNE multi-purpose detector is already capable of probing the ALP-photon coupling down to $g_{agammagamma} sim {rm few}times 10^{-5}$ GeV$^{-1}$ for ALP masses $m_a lesssim 10$ eV. The implementation of a CAST or BabyIAXO-like magnet would improve the sensitivity down to $g_{agammagamma} sim 10^{-6}$ GeV$^{-1}$.
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