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Register a new userBose-Einstein momentum correlations at fixed multiplicities: Lessons from an exactly solvable thermal model for $pp$ collisions at the LHC
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Two-particle momentum correlations of $N$ identical bosons are studied in the quantum canonical ensemble. We define the latter as a properly selected subensemble of events associated with the grand canonical ensemble which is characterized by a constant temperature and a harmonic-trap chemical potential. The merits of this toy model are that it can be solved exactly, and that it demonstrates some interesting features revealed recently in small systems created in $p+p$ collisions at the LHC. We find that partial coherence can be observed in particle emission from completely thermal ensembles of events if instead of inclusive measurements one studies the two-boson distribution functions related to the events with particle numbers selected in some fixed multiplicity bins. The corresponding coherence effects increase with the multiplicity.
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We argue that the two-particle momentum correlation functions of high-multiplicity $p+p$ collisions at the LHC provide a signal for a ground state structure of a quasi equilibrium state of the longitudinally boost-invariant expanding quantum field which lies in the future light cone of a collision. The physical picture is that pions are produced by the expanding quantum emitter with two different scales approximately attributed to the expanding ideal gas in local equilibrium state and ground-state condensate. Specifically, we show that the effect of suppressing the two-particle Bose-Einstein momentum correlation functions increases with increasing transverse momentum of a like-sign pion pair due to different momentum-dependence of the corresponding particle emission regions.
The multiplicity distribution and the two-particle Bose-Einstein correlations at fixed multiplicities observed in $pp$ collisions at $sqrt{s}=7$ TeV by the ALICE Collaboration are analyzed by the formulae obtained in the quantum optical approach. The chaoticity parameters in the inclusive and semi-inclusive events are estimated from the analysis. Multiplicity or $k_T$ dependence of longitudinal and transverse source radii are also estimated.
We provide, within the hydrokinetic model, a detailed investigation of kaon interferometry in $Pb+Pb$ collisions at LHC energy ($sqrt{s_{NN}} = 2.76$ TeV). Predictions are presented for 1D interferometry radii of $K^0_SK^0_S$ and $K^{pm}K^{pm}$ pairs as well as for 3D femtoscopy scales in out, side and long directions. The results are compared with existing pion interferometry radii. We also make predictions for full LHC energy.
The Quark Gluon String Model (QGSM) reproduces well the global characteristics of the $pp$ collisions at RHIC and LHC, e.g., the pseudorapidity and transverse momenta distributions at different centralities. The main goal of this work is to employ the Monte Carlo QGSM for description of femtoscopic characteristics in $pp$ collisions at RHIC and LHC. The study is concentrated on the low multiplicity and multiplicity averaged events, where no collective effects are expected. The different procedures for fitting the one-dimensional correlation functions of pions are studied and compared with the space-time distributions extracted directly from the model. Particularly, it is shown that the double Gaussian fit reveals the contributions coming separately from resonances and from directly produced particles. The comparison of model results with the experimental data favors decrease of particle formation time with rising collision energy.
It is shown that $alpha_s(E)$, the strong coupling constant, can be determined in the non-perturbative regime from Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC). The obtained $alpha_s(E)$ is in agreement with the prescriptions dealt with in the Analytic Perturbative Theory approach. It also extrapolates smoothly to the standard perturbative $alpha_s(E)$ at higher energies. Our results indicate that BEC dimension can be considered as an alternative approach to the short range measure between hadrons.
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