No Arabic abstract
It has been proved by Zuazua in the nineties that the internally controlled semilinear 1D wave equation $partial_{tt}y-partial_{xx}y + g(y)=f 1_{omega}$, with Dirichlet boundary conditions, is exactly controllable in $H^1_0(0,1)cap L^2(0,1)$ with controls $fin L^2((0,1)times(0,T))$, for any $T>0$ and any nonempty open subset $omega$ of $(0,1)$, assuming that $gin mathcal{C}^1(R)$ does not grow faster than $betavert xvert ln^{2}vert xvert$ at infinity for some $beta>0$ small enough. The proof, based on the Leray-Schauder fixed point theorem, is however not constructive. In this article, we design a constructive proof and algorithm for the exact controllability of semilinear 1D wave equations. Assuming that $g^prime$ does not grow faster than $beta ln^{2}vert xvert$ at infinity for some $beta>0$ small enough and that $g^prime$ is uniformly Holder continuous on $R$ with exponent $sin[0,1]$, we design a least-squares algorithm yielding an explicit sequence converging to a controlled solution for the semilinear equation, at least with order $1+s$ after a finite number of iterations.
The exact distributed controllability of the semilinear heat equation $partial_{t}y-Delta y + g(y)=f ,1_{omega}$ posed over multi-dimensional and bounded domains, assuming that $gin C^1(mathbb{R})$ satisfies the growth condition $limsup_{rto infty} g(r)/(vert rvert ln^{3/2}vert rvert)=0$ has been obtained by Fernandez-Cara and Zuazua in 2000. The proof based on a non constructive fixed point arguments makes use of precise estimates of the observability constant for a linearized heat equation. In the one dimensional setting, assuming that $g^prime$ does not grow faster than $beta ln^{3/2}vert rvert$ at infinity for $beta>0$ small enough and that $g^prime$ is uniformly Holder continuous on $mathbb{R}$ with exponent $pin [0,1]$, we design a constructive proof yielding an explicit sequence converging to a controlled solution for the semilinear equation, at least with order $1+p$ after a finite number of iterations.
The exact distributed controllability of the semilinear wave equation $y_{tt}-y_{xx} + g(y)=f ,1_{omega}$, assuming that $g$ satisfies the growth condition $vert g(s)vert /(vert svert log^{2}(vert svert))rightarrow 0$ as $vert svert rightarrow infty$ and that $g^primein L^infty_{loc}(mathbb{R})$ has been obtained by Zuazua in the nineties. The proof based on a Leray-Schauder fixed point argument makes use of precise estimates of the observability constant for a linearized wave equation. It does not provide however an explicit construction of a null control. Assuming that $g^primein L^infty_{loc}(mathbb{R})$, that $sup_{a,bin mathbb{R},a eq b} vert g^prime(a)-g^{prime}(b)vert/vert a-bvert^r<infty $ for some $rin (0,1]$ and that $g^prime$ satisfies the growth condition $vert g^prime(s)vert/log^{2}(vert svert)rightarrow 0$ as $vert svert rightarrow infty$, we construct an explicit sequence converging strongly to a null control for the solution of the semilinear equation. The method, based on a least-squares approach guarantees the convergence whatever the initial element of the sequence may be. In particular, after a finite number of iterations, the convergence is super linear with rate $1+r$. This general method provides a constructive proof of the exact controllability for the semilinear wave equation.
The exact distributed controllability of the semilinear wave equation $partial_{tt}y-Delta y + g(y)=f ,1_{omega}$ posed over multi-dimensional and bounded domains, assuming that $gin C^1(mathbb{R})$ satisfies the growth condition $limsup_{rto infty} g(r)/(vert rvert ln^{1/2}vert rvert)=0$ has been obtained by Fu, Yong and Zhang in 2007. The proof based on a non constructive Leray-Schauder fixed point theorem makes use of precise estimates of the observability constant for a linearized wave equation. Assuming that $g^prime$ does not grow faster than $beta ln^{1/2}vert rvert$ at infinity for $beta>0$ small enough and that $g^prime$ is uniformly Holder continuous on $mathbb{R}$ with exponent $sin (0,1]$, we design a constructive proof yielding an explicit sequence converging to a controlled solution for the semilinear equation, at least with order $1+s$ after a finite number of iterations.
The null distributed controllability of the semilinear heat equation $y_t-Delta y + g(y)=f ,1_{omega}$, assuming that $g$ satisfies the growth condition $g(s)/(vert svert log^{3/2}(1+vert svert))rightarrow 0$ as $vert svert rightarrow infty$ and that $g^primein L^infty_{loc}(mathbb{R})$ has been obtained by Fernandez-Cara and Zuazua in 2000. The proof based on a fixed point argument makes use of precise estimates of the observability constant for a linearized heat equation. It does not provide however an explicit construction of a null control. Assuming that $g^primein W^{s,infty}(mathbb{R})$ for one $sin (0,1]$, we construct an explicit sequence converging strongly to a null control for the solution of the semilinear equation. The method, based on a least-squares approach, generalizes Newton type methods and guarantees the convergence whatever be the initial element of the sequence. In particular, after a finite number of iterations, the convergence is super linear with a rate equal to $1+s$. Numerical experiments in the one dimensional setting support our analysis.
A characterization of a semilinear elliptic partial differential equation (PDE) on a bounded domain in $mathbb{R}^n$ is given in terms of an infinite-dimensional dynamical system. The dynamical system is on the space of boundary data for the PDE. This is a novel approach to elliptic problems that enables the use of dynamical systems tools in studying the corresponding PDE. The dynamical system is ill-posed, meaning solutions do not exist forwards or backwards in time for generic initial data. We offer a framework in which this ill-posed system can be analyzed. This can be viewed as generalizing the theory of spatial dynamics, which applies to the case of an infinite cylindrical domain.