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Research conducted in LTE and 5G wireless communications systems uses common off-the-shelf hardware components and commercial software defined radio (SDR) hardware. One of the more popular SDR platforms is the Ettus USRP product line which uses the UHD driver and transport protocol framework. System performance can be increased using kernel bypass frameworks along with UHD. This paper investigates UHD with DPDK in an SDR environment using srslTE as the SDR application. We present measurement results using the iperf3 network performance application that show performance improvements when employing a kernel bypass framework to facilitate data transfer over the network interface between the SDR application and the radio hardware.
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Providing high-capacity radio connectivity for high-speed trains (HSTs) is one of the most important use cases of emerging 5G New Radio (NR) networks. In this article, we show that 5G NR technology can also facilitate high-accuracy continuous localization and tracking of HSTs. Furthermore, we describe and demonstrate how the NR network can utilize the continuous location information for efficient beam-management and beamforming, as well as for downlink Doppler precompensation in the single-frequency network context. Additionally, with particular focus on millimeter wave networks, novel concepts for low-latency intercarrier interference (ICI) estimation and compensation, due to residual Doppler and oscillator phase noise, are described and demonstrated. The provided numerical results at 30 GHz operating band show that sub-meter positioning and sub-degree beam-direction accuracies can be obtained with very high probabilities in the order of 95-99%. The results also show that the described Doppler precompensation and ICI estimation and cancellation methods substantially improve the throughput of the single-frequency HST network.
Network-assisted single-hop device-to-device (D2D) communication can increase the spectral and energy efficiency of cellular networks by taking advantage of the proximity, reuse, and hop gains when radio resources are properly managed between the cellular and D2D layers. In this paper we argue that D2D technology can be used to further increase the spectral and energy efficiency if the key D2D radio resource management algorithms are suitably extended to support network assisted multi-hop D2D communications. Specifically, we propose a novel, distributed utility maximizing D2D power control (PC) scheme that is able to balance spectral and energy efficiency while taking into account mode selection and resource allocation constraints that are important in the integrated cellular-D2D environment. Our analysis and numerical results indicate that multi-hop D2D communications combined with the proposed PC scheme can be useful not only for harvesting the potential gains previously identified in the literature, but also for extending the coverage of cellular networks.
In this work, we study underlay radar-massive MIMO cellular coexistence in LoS/near-LoS channels, where both systems have 3D beamforming capabilities. Using mathematical tools from stochastic geometry, we derive an upper bound on the average interference power at the radar due to the 3D massive MIMO cellular downlink under the worst-case `cell-edge beamforming conditions. To overcome the technical challenges imposed by asymmetric and arbitrarily large cells, we devise a novel construction in which each Poisson Voronoi (PV) cell is bounded by its circumcircle to bound the effect of the random cell shapes on average interference. Since this model is intractable for further analysis due to the correlation between adjacent PV cells shapes and sizes, we propose a tractable nominal interference model, where we model each PV cell as a circular disk with an area equal to the average area of the typical cell. We quantify the gap in the average interference power between these two models and show that the upper bound is tight for realistic deployment parameters. We also compare them with a more practical but intractable MU-MIMO scheduling model to show that our worst-case interference models show the same trends and do not deviate significantly from realistic scheduler models. Under the nominal interference model, we characterize the interference distribution using the dominant interferer approximation by deriving the equi-interference contour expression when the typical receiver uses 3D beamforming. Finally, we use tractable expressions for the interference distribution to characterize radars spatial probability of false alarm/detection in a quasi-static target tracking scenario. Our results reveal useful trends in the average interference as a function of the deployment parameters (BS density, exclusion zone radius, antenna height, transmit power of each BS, etc.).
The key to speeding up applications is often understanding where the elapsed time is spent, and why. This document reviews in depth the full array of performance analysis tools and techniques available on Linux for this task, from the traditional tools like gcov and gprof, to the more advanced tools still under development like oprofile and the Linux Trace Toolkit. The focus is more on the underlying data collection and processing algorithms, and their overhead and precision, than on the cosmetic details of the graphical user interface frontends.
In this paper, we propose fairness-oriented packet scheduling (PS) schemes with power-efficient control mechanism for future packet radio systems. In general, the radio resource management functionality plays an important role in new OFDMA based networks. The control of the network resource division among the users is performed by packet scheduling functionality based on maximizing cell coverage and capacity satisfying, and certain quality of service requirements. Moreover, multiantenna transmit-receive schemes provide additional flexibility to packet scheduler functionality. In order to mitigate inter-cell and co-channel interference problems in OFDMA cellular networks soft frequency reuse with different power masks patterns is used. Stemming from the earlier enhanced proportional fair scheduler studies for single-input multiple-output (SIMO) and multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) systems, we extend the development of efficient packet scheduling algorithms by adding transmit power considerations in the overall priority metrics calculations and scheduling decisions. Furthermore, we evaluate the proposed scheduling schemes by simulating practical orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) based packet radio system in terms of throughput, coverage and fairness distribution among users. As a concrete example, under reduced overall transmit power constraint and unequal power distribution for different sub-bands, we demonstrate that by using the proposed power-aware multi-user scheduling schemes, significant coverage and fairness improvements in the order of 70% and 20%, respectively, can be obtained, at the expense of average throughput loss of only 15%.
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