No Arabic abstract
The Olbertian partition function is reformulated in terms of continuous (Abelian) fields described by the Landau-Ginzburg action, respectively Hamiltonian. In order do make some progress, the Gaussian approximation to the partition function is transformed into the Olbertian prior to adding the quartic Landau-Ginzburg term in the Hamiltonian. The final result is provided in the form of an expansion suitable for application of diagrammatic techniques once the nature of the field is given, i.e. once the field equations are written down such that the interactions can be formulated.
We present the derivation of conserved tensors associated to higher-order symmetries in the higher derivative Maxwell Abelian gauge field theories. In our model, the wave operator of the higher derived theory is a $n$-th order polynomial expressed in terms of the usual Maxwell operator. Any symmetry of the primary wave operator gives rise to a collection of independent higher-order symmetries of the field equations which thus leads to a series of independent conserved quantities of derived system. In particular, by the extension of Noethers theorem, the spacetime translation invariance of the Maxwell primary operator results in the series of conserved second-rank tensors which includes the standard canonical energy-momentum tensors. Although this canonical energy is unbounded from below, by introducing a set of parameters, the other conserved tensors in the series can be bounded which ensure the stability of the higher derivative dynamics. In addition, with the aid of auxiliary fields, we successfully obtain the relations between the roots decomposition of characteristic polynomial of the wave operator and the conserved energy-momentum tensors within the context of another equivalent lower-order representation. Under the certain conditions, the 00-component of the linear combination of these conserved quantities is bounded and by this reason, the original derived theory is considered stable. Finally, as an instructive example, we discuss the third-order derived system and analyze extensively the stabilities in different cases of roots decomposition.
We show that the dual partition function of the pure $mathcal N=2$ $SU(2)$ gauge theory in the self-dual $Omega$-background (a) is given by Fredholm determinant of a generalized Bessel kernel and (b) coincides with the tau function associated to the general solution of the Painleve III equation of type $D_8$ (radial sine-Gordon equation). In particular, the principal minor expansion of the Fredholm determinant yields Nekrasov combinatorial sums over pairs of Young diagrams.
Using a description of the Levin-Wen model excitations in terms of Wilson lines, we compute the degeneracy of the energy levels for any input anyon theory and for any trivalent graph embedded on any (orientable) compact surface. This result allows one to obtain the finite-size and finite-temperature partition function and to show that there are no thermal phase transitions.
Beyond standard model (BSM) particles should be included in effective field theory in order to compute the scattering amplitudes involving these extra particles. We formulate an extension of Higgs effective field theory which contains arbitrary number of scalar and fermion fields with arbitrary electric and chromoelectric charges. The BSM Higgs sector is described by using the non-linear sigma model in a manner consistent with the spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking. The chiral order counting rule is arranged consistently with the loop expansion. The leading order Lagrangian is organized in accord with the chiral order counting rule. We use a geometrical language to describe the particle interactions. The parametrization redundancy in the effective Lagrangian is resolved by describing the on-shell scattering amplitudes only with the covariant quantities in the scalar/fermion field space. We introduce a useful coordinate (normal coordinate), which simplifies the computations of the on-shell amplitudes significantly. We show the high energy behaviors of the scattering amplitudes determine the curvature tensors in the scalar/fermion field space. The massive spinor-wavefunction formalism is shown to be useful in the computations of on-shell helicity amplitudes.
Inspired by the corresponding problem in QCD, we determine the pressure of massless O(N) scalar field theory up to order g^6 in the weak-coupling expansion, where g^2 denotes the quartic coupling constant. This necessitates the computation of all 4-loop vacuum graphs at a finite temperature: by making use of methods developed by Arnold and Zhai at 3-loop level, we demonstrate that this task is manageable at least if one restricts to computing the logarithmic terms analytically, while handling the ``constant 4-loop contributions numerically. We also inspect the numerical convergence of the weak-coupling expansion after the inclusion of the new terms. Finally, we point out that while the present computation introduces strategies that should be helpful for the full 4-loop computation on the QCD-side, it also highlights the need to develop novel computational techniques, in order to be able to complete this formidable task in a systematic fashion.