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Register a new userMiniBooNE Neutrino Oscillation Search Results and Predicted Background Events
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Teppei Katori
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In this short review, we discuss the 2020 MiniBooNE electron neutrino appearance oscillation results with special attention on background predictions relevant to the MiniBooNE oscillation results and other (anti)electron neutrino appearance search experiments.
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The MiniBooNE experiment at Fermilab reports a total excess of $638.0 pm 132.8$ electron-like events ($4.8 sigma$) from a data sample corresponding to $18.75 times 10^{20}$ protons-on-target in neutrino mode, which is a 46% increase in the data sample with respect to previously published results, and $11.27 times 10^{20}$ protons-on-target in antineutrino mode. The additional statistics allow several studies to address questions on the source of the excess. First, we provide two-dimensional plots in visible energy and cosine of the angle of the outgoing lepton, which can provide valuable input to models for the event excess. Second, we test whether the excess may arise from photons that enter the detector from external events or photons exiting the detector from $pi^0$ decays in two model independent ways. Beam timing information shows that almost all of the excess is in time with neutrinos that interact in the detector. The radius distribution shows that the excess is distributed throughout the volume, while tighter cuts on the fiducal volume increase the significance of the excess. We conclude that models of the event excess based on entering and exiting photons are disfavored.
The first measurements of antineutrino charged-current quasielastic ($ umub$ CCQE, $ umu + N to mup + N$) and neutral-current elastic ($ umub$ NCE, $ umu + N to umu + N$) cross sections with $< E_{bar{ u}} >$ $<$ 1 GeV are presented. To maximize the precision of these measurements, many data-driven background measurements were executed, including a first demonstration of charge separation using a non-magnetized detector. Apart from extending our knowledge of antineutrino interactions by probing a new energy range, these measurements constrain signal and background processes for current and future neutrino oscillation experiments and also carry implications for intra-nuclear interactions.
The MiniBooNE experiment at Fermilab reports results from an analysis of $ u_e$ appearance data from $12.84 times 10^{20}$ protons on target in neutrino mode, an increase of approximately a factor of two over previously reported results. A $ u_e$ charged-current quasielastic event excess of $381.2 pm 85.2$ events ($4.5 sigma$) is observed in the energy range $200<E_ u^{QE}<1250$~MeV. Combining these data with the $bar u_e$ appearance data from $11.27 times 10^{20}$ protons on target in antineutrino mode, a total $ u_e$ plus $bar u_e$ charged-current quasielastic event excess of $460.5 pm 99.0$ events ($4.7 sigma$) is observed. If interpreted in a two-neutrino oscillation model, ${ u}_{mu} rightarrow { u}_e$, the best oscillation fit to the excess has a probability of $21.1%$, while the background-only fit has a $chi^2$ probability of $6 times 10^{-7}$ relative to the best fit. The MiniBooNE data are consistent in energy and magnitude with the excess of events reported by the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND), and the significance of the combined LSND and MiniBooNE excesses is $6.0 sigma$. A two-neutrino oscillation interpretation of the data would require at least four neutrino types and indicate physics beyond the three neutrino paradigm.Although the data are fit with a two-neutrino oscillation model, other models may provide better fits to the data.
OPERA is a long-baseline experiment at the Gran Sasso laboratory (LNGS) designed to search for $ u_mu rightarrow u_tau$ oscillations in appearance mode. OPERA took data from 2008 to 2012 with the CNGS neutrino beam from CERN. The data analysis is ongoing, with the goal of establishing $ u_tau$ appearance with high significance and improving the sensitivity to the sterile neutrino search in the $ u_mu$ $rightarrow$ $ u_e$ appearance channel. Current results will be presented and perspectives discussed.
Neutrino oscillation results from several experiments and sources are discussed. Recent results from solar neutrino measurements by Super-Kamiokande and Borexino, atmospheric neutrino measurements from Super-Kamiokande, and accelerator neutrino measurements by MINOS and OPERA are the main topics of this document.
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