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Register a new userMany-Body Localization in Translational Invariant Diamond Ladders with Flat Bands
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The presence of flat bands is a source of localization in lattice systems. While flat bands are often unstable with respect to interactions between the particles, they can persist in certain cases. We consider a diamond ladder with transverse hopping that possesses such stable flat bands and show that many-body localization appears in the presence of interactions. We demonstrate that the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis is violated and verify localization by time evolution of local observables, revival probabilities, and participation ratios. Thus, this system appears to be an example for many-body localization without disorder.
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How a closed interacting quantum many-body system relaxes and dephases as a function of time is a fundamental question in thermodynamic and statistical physics. In this work, we analyse and observe the persistent temporal fluctuations after a quantum quench of a tunable long-range interacting transverse-field Ising Hamiltonian realized with a trapped-ion quantum simulator. We measure the temporal fluctuations in the average magnetization of a finite-size system of spin-$1/2$ particles. We experiment in a regime where the properties of the system are closely related to the integrable Hamiltonian with global spin-spin coupling, which enables analytical predictions even for the long-time non-integrable dynamics. The analytical expression for the temporal fluctuations predicts the exponential suppression of temporal fluctuations with increasing system size. Our measurement data is consistent with our theory predicting the regime of many-body dephasing.
We enquire into the quasi-many-body localization in topologically ordered states of matter, revolving around the case of Kitaev toric code on ladder geometry, where different types of anyonic defects carry different masses induced by environmental errors. Our study verifies that random arrangement of anyons generates a complex energy landscape solely through braiding statistics, which suffices to suppress the diffusion of defects in such multi-component anyonic liquid. This non-ergodic dynamic suggests a promising scenario for investigation of quasi-many-body localization. Computing standard diagnostics evidences that, in such disorder-free many-body system, a typical initial inhomogeneity of anyons gives birth to a glassy dynamics with an exponentially diverging time scale of the full relaxation. A by-product of this dynamical effect is manifested by the slow growth of entanglement entropy, with characteristic time scales bearing resemblance to those of inhomogeneity relaxation. This setting provides a new platform which paves the way toward impeding logical errors by self-localization of anyons in a generic, high energy state, originated in their exotic statistics.
We show that the onset of quantum chaos at infinite temperature in two many-body 1D lattice models, the perturbed spin-1/2 XXZ and Anderson models, is characterized by universal behavior. Specifically, we show that the onset of quantum chaos is marked by maxima of the typical fidelity susceptibilities that scale with the square of the inverse average level spacing, saturating their upper bound, and that the strength of the integrability/localization breaking perturbation at these maxima decreases with increasing system size. We also show that the spectral function below the Thouless energy (in the quantum-chaotic regime) diverges when approaching those maxima. Our results suggest that, in the thermodynamic limit, arbitrarily small integrability/localization breaking perturbations result in quantum chaos in the many-body quantum systems studied here.
Recent developments in matrix-product-state (MPS) investigations of many-body localization (MBL) are reviewed, with a discussion of benefits and limitations of the method. This approach allows one to explore the physics around the MBL transition in systems much larger than those accessible to exact diagonalization. System sizes and length scales that can be controllably accessed by the MPS approach are comparable to those studied in state-of-the-art experiments. Results for 1D, quasi-1D, and 2D random systems, as well as 1D quasi-periodic systems are presented. On time scales explored (up to $t approx 300$ in units set by the hopping amplitude), a slow, subdiffusive transport in a rather broad disorder range on the ergodic side of the MBL transition is found. For 1D random spin chains, which serve as a standard model of the MBL transition, the MPS study demonstrates a substantial drift of the critical point $W_c(L)$ with the system size $L$: while for $L approx 20$ we find $W_c approx 4$, as also given by exact diagonalization, the MPS results for $L = 50$--100 provide evidence that the critical disorder saturates, in the large-$L$ limit, at $W_c approx 5.5$. For quasi-periodic systems, these finite-size effects are much weaker, which suggests that they can be largely attributed to rare events. For quasi-1D ($dtimes L$, with $d ll L$) and 2D ($Ltimes L$) random systems, the MPS data demonstrate an unbounded growth of $W_c$ in the limit of large $d$ and $L$, in agreement with analytical predictions based on the rare-event avalanche theory.
We establish some general dynamical properties of lattice many-body systems that are subject to a high-frequency periodic driving. We prove that such systems have a quasi-conserved extensive quantity $H_*$, which plays the role of an effective static Hamiltonian. The dynamics of the system (e.g., evolution of any local observable) is well-approximated by the evolution with the Hamiltonian $H_*$ up to time $tau_*$, which is exponentially long in the driving frequency. We further show that the energy absorption rate is exponentially small in the driving frequency. In cases where $H_*$ is ergodic, the driven system prethermalizes to a thermal state described by $H_*$ at intermediate times $tlesssim tau_*$, eventually heating up to an infinite-temperature state at times $tsim tau_*$. Our results indicate that rapidly driven many-body systems generically exhibit prethermalization and very slow heating. We briefly discuss implications for experiments which realize topological states by periodic driving.
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