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Register a new userSpectral analysis for a multi-dimensional split-step quantum walk with a defect
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This paper studies the spectrum of a multi-dimensional split-step quantum walk with a defect that cannot be analysed in the previous papers. To this end, we have developed a new technique which allow us to use a spectral mapping theorem for the one-defect model. We also derive the time-averaged limit measure for one-dimensional case as an application of the spectral analysis.
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For given two unitary and self-adjoint operators on a Hilbert space, a spectral mapping theorem was proved in cite{HiSeSu}. In this paper, as an application of the spectral mapping theorem, we investigate the spectrum of a one-dimensional split-step quantum walk. We give a criterion for when there is no eigenvalues around $pm 1$ in terms of a discriminant operator. We also provide a criterion for when eigenvalues $pm 1$ exist in terms of birth eigenspaces. Moreover, we prove that eigenvectors from the birth eigenspaces decay exponentially at spatial infinity and that the birth eigenspaces are robust against perturbations.
Given two Hilbert spaces, $mathcal{H}$ and $mathcal{K}$, we introduce an abstract unitary operator $U$ on $mathcal{H}$ and its discriminant $T$ on $mathcal{K}$ induced by a coisometry from $mathcal{H}$ to $mathcal{K}$ and a unitary involution on $mathcal{H}$. In a particular case, these operators $U$ and $T$ become the evolution operator of the Szegedy walk on a graph, possibly infinite, and the transition probability operator thereon. We show the spectral mapping theorem between $U$ and $T$ via the Joukowsky transform. Using this result, we have completely detemined the spectrum of the Grover walk on the Sierpinski lattice, which is pure point and has a Cantor-like structure.
Simulations of one quantum system by an other has an implication in realization of quantum machine that can imitate any quantum system and solve problems that are not accessible to classical computers. One of the approach to engineer quantum simulations is to discretize the space-time degree of freedom in quantum dynamics and define the quantum cellular automata (QCA), a local unitary update rule on a lattice. Different models of QCA are constructed using set of conditions which are not unique and are not always in implementable configuration on any other system. Dirac Cellular Automata (DCA) is one such model constructed for Dirac Hamiltonian (DH) in free quantum field theory. Here, starting from a split-step discrete-time quantum walk (QW) which is uniquely defined for experimental implementation, we recover the DCA along with all the fine oscillations in position space and bridge the missing connection between DH-DCA-QW. We will present the contribution of the parameters resulting in the fine oscillations on the Zitterbewegung frequency and entanglement. The tuneability of the evolution parameters demonstrated in experimental implementation of QW will establish it as an efficient tool to design quantum simulator and approach quantum field theory from principles of quantum information theory.
We consider the discrete-time quantum walk whose local dynamics is denoted by $C$ at the perturbed region ${0,1,dots,M-1}$ and free at the other positions. We obtain the stationary state with a bounded initial state. The initial state is set so that the perturbed region receives the inflow $omega^n$ at time $n$ $(|omega|=1)$. From this expression, we compute the scattering on the surface of $-1$ and $M$ and also compute the quantity how quantum walker accumulates in the perturbed region; namely the energy of the quantum walk, in the long time limit. We find a discontinuity of the energy with respect to the frequency of the inflow.
We report on the possibility of controlling quantum random walks with a step-dependent coin. The coin is characterized by a (single) rotation angle. Considering different rotation angles, one can find diverse probability distributions for this walk including: complete localization, Gaussian and asymmetric likes. In addition, we explore the entropy of walk in two contexts; for probability density distributions over position space and walkers internal degrees of freedom space (coin space). We show that entropy of position space can decrease for a step-dependent coin with the step-number, quite in contrast to a walk with step-independent coin. For entropy of coin space, a damped oscillation is found for walk with step-independent coin while for a step-dependent coin case, the behavior of entropy depends on rotation angle. In general, we demonstrate that quantum walks with simple initiatives may exhibit a quite complex and varying behavior if step-dependent coins are applied. This provides the possibility of controlling quantum random walk with a step-dependent coin.
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