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Petz reconstruction in random tensor networks

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 Added by Mukund Rangamani
 Publication date 2020
  fields Physics
and research's language is English




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We illustrate the ideas of bulk reconstruction in the context of random tensor network toy models of holography. Specifically, we demonstrate how the Petz reconstruction map works to obtain bulk operators from the boundary data by exploiting the replica trick. We also take the opportunity to comment on the differences between coarse-graining and random projections.

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Quantum error correcting codes with finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces have yielded new insights on bulk reconstruction in AdS/CFT. In this paper, we give an explicit construction of a quantum error correcting code where the code and physical Hilbert spaces are infinite-dimensional. We define a von Neumann algebra of type II$_1$ acting on the code Hilbert space and show how it is mapped to a von Neumann algebra of type II$_1$ acting on the physical Hilbert space. This toy model demonstrates the equivalence of entanglement wedge reconstruction and the exact equality of bulk and boundary relative entropies in infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces.
We consider the special case of Random Tensor Networks (RTN) endowed with gauge symmetry constraints on each tensor. We compute the R`enyi entropy for such states and recover the Ryu-Takayanagi (RT) formula in the large bond regime. The result provides first of all an interesting new extension of the existing derivations of the RT formula for RTNs. Moreover, this extension of the RTN formalism brings it in direct relation with (tensorial) group field theories (and spin networks), and thus provides new tools for realizing the tensor network/geometry duality in the context of background independent quantum gravity, and for importing quantum gravity tools in tensor network research.
In this paper, we discuss tensor network descriptions of AdS/CFT from two different viewpoints. First, we start with an Euclidean path-integral computation of ground state wave functions with a UV cut off. We consider its efficient optimization by making its UV cut off position dependent and define a quantum state at each length scale. We conjecture that this path-integral corresponds to a time slice of AdS. Next, we derive a flow of quantum states by rewriting the action of Killing vectors of AdS3 in terms of the dual 2d CFT. Both approaches support a correspondence between the hyperbolic time slice H2 in AdS3 and a version of continuous MERA (cMERA). We also give a heuristic argument why we can expect a sub-AdS scale bulk locality for holographic CFTs.
195 - Ying Zhao 2020
We look at the interior operator reconstruction from the point of view of Petz map and study its complexity. We show that Petz maps can be written as precursors under the condition of perfect recovery. When we have the entire boundary system its complexity is related to the volume / action of the wormhole from the bulk operator to the boundary. When we only have access to part of the system, Pythons lunch appears and its restricted complexity depends exponentially on the size of the subsystem one loses access to.
This paper accompanies with our recent work on quantum error correction (QEC) and entanglement spectrum (ES) in tensor networks (arXiv:1806.05007). We propose a general framework for planar tensor network state with tensor constraints as a model for $AdS_3/CFT_2$ correspondence, which could be viewed as a generalization of hyperinvariant tensor networks recently proposed by Evenbly. We elaborate our proposal on tensor chains in a tensor network by tiling $H^2$ space and provide a diagrammatical description for general multi-tensor constraints in terms of tensor chains, which forms a generalized greedy algorithm. The behavior of tensor chains under the action of greedy algorithm is investigated in detail. In particular, for a given set of tensor constraints, a critically protected (CP) tensor chain can be figured out and evaluated by its average reduced interior angle. We classify tensor networks according to their ability of QEC and the flatness of ES. The corresponding geometric description of critical protection over the hyperbolic space is also given.
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