Do you want to publish a course? Click here

Transparent low-density stellar plasma extending over very large volumes with large masses and Dark Haloes

294   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 Added by Y. Ben-Aryeh
 Publication date 2020
  fields Physics
and research's language is English
 Authors Y. Ben-Aryeh




Ask ChatGPT about the research

The free electron model with Boltzmann statistics for spherical low-density plasmas (Scientific Reports 9. 20384, 2019) is developed further by numerical calculations with asymptotic relations obtaining the density of electrons, mass densities and the potentials of such plasmas. Solutions are developed as function of a pure number x proportional to the distance from the stellar plasma center (galaxy center) with extremely small coefficient so that these solutions are essentially functions of large astronomical distances and masses. The present plasma is divided into a central part and very long tail where most of the large mass of this plasma is included in the long stellar plasma tail. The present model is specialized to completely ionized Hydrogen plasma where emission and absorption of spectral lines can be neglected in the low density stellar plasma. It is shown that the present low-density plasma might represent dark halo which permeates and surrounds the compact galactic stars. Such plasma is found to be transparent in most of the EM spectrum.



rate research

Read More

The requirement that their gravitational binding self-energy density must at least equal the background repulsive dark energy density for large scale cosmic structures implies a mass-radius relation of M/R^2 ~ 1g/cm^2, as pointed out earlier. This relation seems to hold true for primeval galaxies as well as those at present epoch. This could set constraints on the nature and evolution of dark energy. Besides, we also set constraints on the size of galaxy clusters and superclusters due to the repulsive cosmological dark energy. This could indicate as to why large scale cosmic structures much larger than ~200Mpc are not seen.
We present the novel wide & deep neural network GalaxyNet, which connects the properties of galaxies and dark matter haloes, and is directly trained on observed galaxy statistics using reinforcement learning. The most important halo properties to predict stellar mass and star formation rate (SFR) are halo mass, growth rate, and scale factor at the time the mass peaks, which results from a feature importance analysis with random forests. We train different models with supervised learning to find the optimal network architecture. GalaxyNet is then trained with a reinforcement learning approach: for a fixed set of weights and biases, we compute the galaxy properties for all haloes and then derive mock statistics (stellar mass functions, cosmic and specific SFRs, quenched fractions, and clustering). Comparing these statistics to observations we get the model loss, which is minimised with particle swarm optimisation. GalaxyNet reproduces the observed data very accurately ($chi_mathrm{red}=1.05$), and predicts a stellar-to-halo mass relation with a lower normalisation and shallower low-mass slope at high redshift than empirical models. We find that at low mass, the galaxies with the highest SFRs are satellites, although most satellites are quenched. The normalisation of the instantaneous conversion efficiency increases with redshift, but stays constant above $zgtrsim0.7$. Finally, we use GalaxyNet to populate a cosmic volume of $(5.9~mathrm{Gpc})^3$ with galaxies and predict the BAO signal, the bias, and the clustering of active and passive galaxies up to $z=4$, which can be tested with next-generation surveys, such as LSST and Euclid.
As is well known, black hole entropy is proportional to the area of the horizon suggesting a holographic principle wherein all degrees of freedom contributing to the entropy reside on the surface. In this note, we point out that large scale dark energy (such as a cosmological constant) constraining cosmic structures can imply a similar situation for the entropy of a hierarchy of such objects.
We present the detection of very extended stellar populations around the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) out to R~21 degrees, or ~18.5 kpc at the LMC distance of 50 kpc, as detected in the Survey of the MAgellanic Stellar History (SMASH) performed with the Dark Energy Camera on the NOAO Blanco 4m Telescope. The deep (g~24) SMASH color magnitude diagrams (CMDs) clearly reveal old (~9 Gyr), metal-poor ([Fe/H]=-0.8 dex) main-sequence stars at a distance of 50 kpc. The surface brightness of these detections is extremely low with our most distant detection having 34 mag per arcsec squared in g-band. The SMASH radial density profile breaks from the inner LMC exponential decline at ~13-15 degrees and a second component at larger radii has a shallower slope with power-law index of -2.2 that contributes ~0.4% of the LMCs total stellar mass. In addition, the SMASH densities exhibit large scatter around our best-fit model of ~70% indicating that the envelope of stellar material in the LMC periphery is highly disturbed. We also use data from the NOAO Source catalog to map the LMC main-sequence populations at intermediate radii and detect a steep dropoff in density on the eastern side of the LMC (at R~8 deg) as well as an extended structure to the far northeast. These combined results confirm the existence of a very extended, low-density envelope of stellar material with disturbed shape around the LMC. The exact origin of this structure remains unclear but the leading options include a classical accreted halo or tidally stripped outer disk material.
From the observed results, we deduced that the mass of the neutrino is about 10^(-1) eV and the mass of the fourth stable elementary particle (delta) is about 10^(0) eV. While neutrino is related to electro-weak field, the fourth stable elementary particle delta is related to gravitation-strong field, and some new meta-stable baryons may appear near the TeV region. Therefore, a twofold standard model diagram is proposed, and involves some experiment phenomena: The new meta-stable baryons decays produce delta particles, which are helpful in explaining the Dijet asymmetry phenomena at LHC of CERN, the different results for the Fermilabs data peak, etc; However, according to the (B-L) invariance, the sterile neutrino about the event excess in MiniBooNe is not the fourth neutrino but rather the delta particle; We think that the delta particles are related to the phenomenon about neutrinos FTL, and that anti-neutrinos are faster than neutrinos. FTL is also related to cosmic inflation, singular point disappearance, a finite universe, and abnormal red shift of SN Ia. Besides, the dark matter particles with low mass are helpful in explaining missing solar neutrinos, the CMB angular power spectrum measured by WMAP etc. Some experiments and observations are suggested, especially about the measurement for the speed of gravitational wave c. c and c, in physics, represent the limit speeds of moving particles made by different categories of matter with different Lorentz factors. Lorentz transformation is compatible with FTL. This will be helpful to look for new particles.
comments
Fetching comments Fetching comments
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا