No Arabic abstract
The usual Chern-Simons extension of Einstein gravity theory consists in adding a squared Riemann contribution to the Hilbert Lagrangian, which means that a square-curvature term is added to the linear-curvature leading term governing the dynamics of the gravitational field. However, in such a way the Lagrangian consists of two terms with a different number of curvatures, and therefore not homogeneous. To develop a homogeneous Chern-Simons correction to Einstein gravity we may, on the one hand, use the above-mentioned square-curvature contribution as the correction for the most general square-curvature Lagrangian, or on the other hand, find some linear-curvature correction to the Hilbert Lagrangian. In the first case, we will present the most general square-curvature leading term, which is in fact the already-known re-normalizable Stelle Lagrangian. In the second case, the topological current has to be an axial-vector built only in terms of gravitational degrees of freedom and with a unitary mass dimension, and we will display such an object. The comparison of the two theories will eventually be commented.
Teleparallel gravity is a modified theory of gravity in which the Ricci scalar $R$ of the Lagrangian replaced by the general function of torsion scalar $T$ in action. With that, cosmology in teleparallel gravity becomes profoundly simplified because it is second-order theory. The article present a complete cosmological scenario in $f(T)$ gravity with $f(T)=T+beta(-T)^{alpha}$, where $alpha,$ and $beta$ are model parameters. We present the profiles of energy density, pressure, and equation of state (EoS) parameter. Next to this, we employ statefinder diagnostics to check deviation from the $Lambda$CDM model as well as the nature of dark energy. Finally, we discuss the energy conditions to check the consistency of our model and observe that SEC violates in the present model supporting the acceleration of the Universe as per present observation.
To ensure the existence of a well defined linearized gravitational wave equation, we show that the spacetimes in the so-called Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity in four dimension have to be locally conformally flat.
We show that the mathematical proof of the four color theorem yields a perfect interpretation of the Standard Model of particle physics. The steps of the proof enable us to construct the t-Riemann surface and particle frame which forms the gauge. We specify well-defined rules to match the Standard Model in a one-to-one correspondence with the topological and algebraic structure of the particle frame. This correspondence is exact - it only allows the particles and force fields to have the observable properties of the Standard Model, giving us a Grand Unified Theory. In this paper, we concentrate on explicitly specifying the quarks, gauge vector bosons, the Standard Model scalar Higgs $H^{0}$ boson and the weak force field. Using all the specifications of our mathematical model, we show how to calculate the values of the Weinberg and Cabibbo angles on the particle frame. Finally, we present our prediction of the Higgs $H^{0}$ boson mass $M_{H^{0}} = 125.992 simeq 126 GeV$, as a direct consequence of the proof of the four color theorem.
In this paper we proceed into the next step of formalization of a consistent dual theory for mass dimension one spinors. This task is developed approaching the two different and complementary aspects of such duals, clarifying its algebraic structure and the so called $tau-$deformation. The former regards the mathematical equivalence of the recent proposed Lorentz preserving dual with the duals of algebraic spinors, from Clifford algebras, showing the consistency and generality of the new dual. Moreover, by revealing its automorphism structure, the hole of the $tau-$deformation and contrasting the action group orbits with other Lorentz breaking scenarios, we argue that the new mass dimension one dual theory is placed over solid and consistent basis.
De Sitter Chern-Simons gravity in D = 1 + 2 spacetime is known to possess an extension with a Barbero-Immirzi like parameter. We find a partial gauge fixing which leaves a compact residual gauge group, namely SU(2). The compacticity of the residual gauge group opens the way to the usual LQG quantization techniques. We recall the exemple of the LQG quantization of SU(2) CS theory with cylindrical space topology, which thus provides a complete LQG of a Lorentzian gravity model in 3-dimensional space-time.