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Register a new userTowards Digital Engineering -- The Advent of Digital Systems Engineering
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Added by
Jingwei Huang
Publication date
2020
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
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Digital Engineering, the digital transformation of engineering to leverage digital technologies, is coming globally. This paper explores digital systems engineering, which aims at developing theory, methods, models, and tools to support the emerging digital engineering. A critical task is to digitalize engineering artifacts, thus enabling information sharing across platform, across life cycle, and across domains. We identify significant challenges and enabling digital technologies; analyze the transition from traditional engineering to digital engineering; define core concepts, including digitalization, unique identification, digitalized artifacts, digital augmentation, and others; present a big picture of digital systems engineering in four levels: vision, strategy, action, and foundation; briefly discuss each of main areas of research issues. Digitalization enables fast infusing and leveraging novel digital technologies; unique identification enables information traceability and accountability in engineering lifecycle; provenance enables tracing dependency relations among engineering artifacts; supporting model reproducibility and replicability; helping with trustworthiness evaluation of digital engineering artifacts.
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Model-based Systems Engineering (MBSE) has been widely utilized to formalize system artifacts and facilitate their development throughout the entire lifecycle. During complex system development, MBSE models need to be frequently exchanged across stakeholders. Concerns about data security and tampering using traditional data exchange approaches obstruct the construction of a reliable marketplace for digital assets. The emerging Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), represented by blockchain, provides a novel solution for this purpose owing to its unique advantages such as tamper-resistant and decentralization. In this paper, we integrate MBSE approaches with DLT aiming to create a decentralized marketplace to facilitate the exchange of digital engineering assets (DEAs). We first define DEAs from perspectives of digital engineering objects, development processes and system architectures. Based on this definition, the Graph-Object-Property-Point-Role-Relationship (GOPPRR) approach is used to formalize the DEAs. Then we propose a framework of a decentralized DEAs marketplace and specify the requirements, based on which we select a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) structured DLT solution. As a proof-of-concept, a prototype of the proposed DEAs marketplace is developed and a case study is conducted to verify its feasibility. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed marketplace facilitates free DEAs exchange with a high level of security, efficiency and decentralization.
Thales new generation digital multi-missions radars, fully-digital and software-defined, like the Sea Fire and Ground Fire radars, benefit from a considerable increase of accessible degrees of freedoms to optimally design their operational modes. To effectively leverage these design choices and turn them into operational capabilities, it is necessary to develop new engineering tools, using artificial intelligence. Innovative optimization algorithms in the discrete and continuous domains, coupled with a radar Digital Twins, allowed construction of a generic tool for search mode design (beam synthesis, waveform and volume grid) compliant with the available radar time budget. The high computation speeds of these algorithms suggest tool application in a Proactive Radar configuration, which would dynamically propose to the operator, operational modes better adapted to environment, threats and the equipment failure conditions.
To demystify the Digital Twin concept, we built a simple yet representative thermal incubator system. The incubator is an insulated box fitted with a heatbed, and complete with a software system for communication, a controller, and simulation models. We developed two simulation models to predict the temperature inside the incubator, one with two free parameters and one with four free parameters. Our experiments showed that the latter model was better at predicting the thermal inertia of the heatbed itself, which makes it more appropriate for further development of the digital twin. The hardware and software used in this case study are available open source, providing an accessible platform for those who want to develop and verify their own techniques for digital twins.
We examine the temporal evolution of digital communication activity relating to the American anti-capitalist movement Occupy Wall Street. Using a high-volume sample from the microblogging site Twitter, we investigate changes in Occupy participant engagement, interests, and social connectivity over a fifteen month period starting three months prior to the movements first protest action. The results of this analysis indicate that, on Twitter, the Occupy movement tended to elicit participation from a set of highly interconnected users with pre-existing interests in domestic politics and foreign social movements. These users, while highly vocal in the months immediately following the birth of the movement, appear to have lost interest in Occupy related communication over the remainder of the study period.
Almost two centuries ago Pierre-Joseph Proudhon proposed social contracts -- voluntary agreements among free people -- as a foundation from which an egalitarian and just society can emerge. A emph{digital social contract} is the novel incarnation of this concept for the digital age: a voluntary agreement between people that is specified, undertaken, and fulfilled in the digital realm. It embodies the notion of code-is-law in its purest form, in that a digital social contract is in fact a program -- code in a social contracts programming language, which specifies the digital actions parties to the social contract may take; and the parties to the contract are entrusted, equally, with the task of ensuring that each party abides by the contract. Parties to a social contract are identified via their public keys, and the one and only type of action a party to a digital social contract may take is a digital speech act -- signing an utterance with her private key and sending it to the other parties to the contract. Here, we present a formal definition of a digital social contract as agents that communicate asynchronously via crypto-speech acts, where the output of each agent is the input of all the other agents. We outline an abstract design for a social contracts programming language and show, via programming examples, that key application areas, including social community; simple sharing-economy applications; egalitarian currency networks; and democratic community governance, can all be expressed elegantly and efficiently as digital social contracts.
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