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Register a new userDerivation of Spin Projection Operator using Lagrange Interpolation Formula
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This note discusses how an operator analog of the Lagrange polynomial naturally arises in the quantum-mechanical problem of constructing an explicit form of the spin projection operator.
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To investigate how quantum effects might modify special relativity, we will study a Lorentz transformation between classical and quantum reference frames and express it in terms of the four-dimensional (4D) momentum of the quantum reference frame. The transition from the classical expression of the Lorentz transformation to a quantum-mechanical one requires us to symmetrize the expression and replace all its dynamical variables with the corresponding operators, from which we can obtain the same conclusion as that from quantum field theory (given by Weinbergs formula): owing to the Heisenbergs uncertainty relation, a particle (as a quantum reference frame) can propagate over a spacelike interval.
We investigate the connection problem for the Jackson integral of type $A_n$. Our connection formula implies a Slater type expansion of a bilateral multiple basic hypergeometric series as a linear combination of several specific multiple series. Introducing certain elliptic Lagrange interpolation functions, we determine the explicit form of the connection coefficients. We also use basic properties of the interpolation functions to establish an explicit determinant formula for a fundamental solution matrix of the associated system of $q$-difference equations.
Classical reversible circuits, acting on $w$~bits, are represented by permutation matrices of size $2^w times 2^w$. Those matrices form the group P($2^w$), isomorphic to the symmetric group {bf S}$_{2^w}$. The permutation group P($n$), isomorphic to {bf S}$_n$, contains cycles with length~$p$, ranging from~1 to $L(n)$, where $L(n)$ is the so-called Landau function. By Lagrange interpolation between the $p$~matrices of the cycle, we step from a finite cyclic group of order~$p$ to a 1-dimensional Lie group, subgroup of the unitary group U($n$). As U($2^w$) is the group of all possible quantum circuits, acting on $w$~qubits, such interpolation is a natural way to step from classical computation to quantum computation.
This paper describes the analysis of Lagrange interpolation errors on tetrahedrons. In many textbooks, the error analysis of Lagrange interpolation is conducted under geometric assumptions such as shape regularity or the (generalized) maximum angle condition. In this paper, we present a new estimation in which the error is bounded in terms of the diameter and projected circumradius of the tetrahedron. Because we do not impose any geometric restrictions on the tetrahedron itself, our error estimation may be applied to any tetrahedralizations of domains including very thin tetrahedrons.
We construct the states that are invariant under the action of the generalized squeezing operator $exp{(z{a^{dagger k}}-z^*a^k)}$ for arbitrary positive integer $k$. The states are given explicitly in the number representation. We find that for a given value of $k$ there are $k$ such states. We show that the states behave as $n^{-k/4}$ when occupation number $ntoinfty$. This implies that for any $kgeq3$ the states are normalizable. For a given $k$, the expectation values of operators of the form $(a^{dagger} a)^j$ are finite for positive integer $j < (k/2-1)$ but diverge for integer $jgeq (k/2-1)$. For $k=3$ we also give an explicit form of these states in the momentum representation in terms of Bessel functions.
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