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Register a new userCalculations of quantum oscillations in cuprate superconductors considering the pseudogap
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Added by
Evandro V. L. de Mello
Publication date
2020
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
Authors
E. V. L. de Mello
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The observations of quantum oscillations in overdoped cuprate superconductors were in agreement with a charge density contained in a cylindrical Fermi surface but the frequencies of lightly doped compounds were much smaller than expected. This was attributed to a topological transition into small pockets of Fermi surface associated with the existence of the charge density wave underlying superlattice. On the other hand, spectroscopic measurements suggested that the large two-dimensional Fermi surface changes continuously into a set of four disconnected arcs. Here we take into account the effect of the pseudogap that limits the available $k$-space area where the Landau levels are developed on the Luttinger theorem and obtain the correct carrier densities. The calculations show how the disconnected arcs evolve into a closed Fermi surface reconciling the experiments.
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The metallic state of the underdoped high-Tc cuprates has remained an enigma: How may seemingly disconnected Fermi surface segments, observed in zero magnetic field as a result of the opening of a partial gap (the pseudogap), possess conventional quasiparticle properties? How do the small Fermi-surface pockets evidenced by the observation of quantum oscillations (QO) emerge as superconductivity is suppressed in high magnetic fields? Such QO, discovered in underdoped YBa2Cu3O6.5 (Y123) and YBa2Cu4O8 (Y124), signify the existence of a conventional Fermi surface (FS). However, due to the complexity of the crystal structures of Y123 and Y124 (CuO2 double-layers, CuO chains, low structural symmetry), it has remained unclear if the QO are specific to this particular family of cuprates. Numerous theoretical proposals have been put forward to explain the route toward QO, including materials-specific scenarios involving CuO chains and scenarios involving the quintessential CuO2 planes. Here we report the observation of QO in underdoped HgBa2CuO4+{delta} (Hg1201), a model cuprate superconductor with individual CuO2 layers, high tetragonal symmetry, and no CuO chains. This observation proves that QO are a universal property of the underdoped CuO2 planes, and it opens the door to quantitative future studies of the metallic state and of the Fermi-surface reconstruction phenomenon in this structurally simplest cuprate.
In a multiorbital model of the cuprate high-temperature superconductors soft antiferromagnetic (AF) modes are assumed to reconstruct the Fermi surface to form nodal pockets. The subsequent charge ordering transition leads to a phase with a spatially modulated transfer of charge between neighboring oxygen p_x and p_y orbitals and also weak modulations of the charge density on the copper d_{x^2-y^2} orbitals. As a prime result of the AF Fermi surface reconstruction, the wavevectors of the charge modulations are oriented along the crystalline axes with a periodicity that agrees quantitatively with experiments. This resolves a discrepancy between experiments, which find axial order, and previous theoretical calculations, which find modulation wavevectors along the Brillouin zone (BZ) diagonal. The axial order is stabilized by hopping processes via the Cu4s orbital, which is commonly not included in model analyses of cuprate superconductors.
One of the most essential aspects of cuprate superconductors is a large pseudogap coexisting with a superconducting gap, then some anomalous properties can be understood in terms of the formation of the pseudogap. Within the kinetic energy driven superconducting mechanism, the effect of the pseudogap on the infrared response of cuprate superconductors in the superconducting-state is studied. By considering the interplay between the superconducting gap and pseudogap, the electron current-current correlation function is evaluated based on the linear response approach and it then is employed to calculate finite-frequency conductivity. It is shown that in the underdoped and optimally doped regimes, the transfer of the part of the low-energy spectral weight of the conductivity spectrum to the higher energy region to form a midinfrared band is intrinsically associated with the presence of the pseudogap.
We calculate scattering interference patterns for various electronic states proposed for the pseudogap regime of the cuprate superconductors. The scattering interference models all produce patterns whose wavelength changes as a function of energy, in contradiction to the energy-independent wavelength seen by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments in the pseudogap state. This suggests that the patterns seen in STM local density of states measurements are not due to scattering interference, but are rather the result of some form of ordering.
We report in-plane resistivity ($rho$) and transverse magnetoresistance (MR) measurements in underdoped HgBa$_2$CuO$_{4+delta}$ (Hg1201). Contrary to the longstanding view that Kohlers rule is strongly violated in underdoped cuprates, we find that it is in fact satisfied in the pseudogap phase of Hg1201. The transverse MR shows a quadratic field dependence, $deltarho/rho_o=a H^{2}$, with $a(T)propto T^{-4}$. In combination with the observed $rhopropto T^2$ dependence, this is consistent with a single Fermi-liquid quasiparticle scattering rate. We show that this behavior is universal, yet typically masked in cuprates with lower structural symmetry or strong disorder effects.
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