In this article, we propose new proportional fractional operators generated from local proportional derivatives of a function with respect to another function. We present some properties of these fractional operators which can be also called proportional fractional operators of a function with respect to another function or proportional fractional operators with dependence on a kernel function.
In this article, a new definition of fractional Hilfer difference operator is introduced. Definition based properties are developed and utilized to construct fixed point operator for fractional order Hilfer difference equations with initial condition. We acquire some conditions for existence, uniqueness, Ulam-Hyers and Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stability. Modified Gronwalls inequality is presented for discrete calculus with the delta difference operator.
Taylor series is a useful mathematical tool when describing and constructing a function. With the series representation, some properties of fractional calculus can be revealed clearly. This paper investigates two typical applications: Lebiniz rule and Laplace transform. It is analytically shown that the commonly used Leibniz rule cannot be applied for Caputo derivative. Similarly, the well-known Laplace transform of Riemann-Liouville derivative is doubtful for n-th continuously differentiable function. By the aid of this series representation, the exact formula of Caputo Leibniz rule and the explanation of Riemann-Liouville Laplace transform are presented. Finally, three illustrative examples are revisited to confirm the obtained results.
Instead of the Ginsparg-Wilson (GW) relation we only require generalized chiral symmetry and show that this results in a larger class of Dirac operators describing massless fermions, which in addition to GW fermions and to the ones proposed by Fujikawa includes many more general ones. The index turns out to depend solely on a basic unitary operator. We use spectral representations to analyze the new class and to obtain detailed properties. We also show that our weaker conditions still lead properly to Weyl fermions and to chiral gauge theories.
This manuscript investigates the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the first order fractional anti-periodic boundary value problem involving Caputo-Katugampola (CK) derivative. A variety of tools for analysis this paper through the integral equivalent equation of the given problem, fixed point theorems of Leray--Schauder, Krasnoselskiis, and Banach are used. Examples of the obtained results are also presented.
This paper focuses on the equivalent expression of fractional integrals/derivatives with an infinite series. A universal framework for fractional Taylor series is developed by expanding an analytic function at the initial instant or the current time. The framework takes into account of the Riemann-Liouville definition, the Caputo definition, the constant order and the variable order. On this basis, some properties of fractional calculus are confirmed conveniently. An intuitive numerical approximation scheme via truncation is proposed subsequently. Finally, several illustrative examples are presented to validate the effectiveness and practicability of the obtained results.