No Arabic abstract
We report the experimental realization of a 3D capacitively-shunt superconducting flux qubit with long coherence times. At the optimal flux bias point, the qubit demonstrates energy relaxation times in the 60-90 $mu$s range, and Hahn-echo coherence time of about 80 $mu$s which can be further improved by dynamical decoupling. Qubit energy relaxation can be attributed to quasiparticle tunneling, while qubit dephasing is caused by flux noise away from the optimal point. Our results show that 3D c-shunt flux qubits demonstrate improved performance over other types of flux qubits which is advantageous for applications such as quantum magnetometry and spin sensing.
We realize a $Lambda$ system in a superconducting circuit, with metastable states exhibiting lifetimes up to 8,ms. We exponentially suppress the tunneling matrix elements involved in spontaneous energy relaxation by creating a heavy fluxonium, realized by adding a capacitive shunt to the original circuit design. The device allows for both cavity-assisted and direct fluorescent readout, as well as state preparation schemes akin to optical pumping. Since direct transitions between the metastable states are strongly suppressed, we utilize Raman transitions for coherent manipulation of the states.
We demonstrate a coherence time of 2.1(1)~s for electron spin superposition states of a single trapped $^{40}$Ca$^+$ ion. The coherence time, measured with a spin-echo experiment, corresponds to residual rms magnetic field fluctuations $leq$~2.7$times$10$^{-12}$~T. The suppression of decoherence induced by fluctuating magnetic fields is achieved by combining a two-layer $mu$-metal shield, which reduces external magnetic noise by 20 to 30~dB for frequencies of 50~Hz to 100~kHz, with Sm$_2$Co$_{17}$ permanent magnets for generating a quantizing magnetic field of 0.37~mT. Our results extend the coherence time of the simple-to-operate spin qubit to ultralong coherence times which so far have been observed only for magnetic insensitive transitions in atomic qubits with hyperfine structure.
We use one single, few-picosecond-long, variably polarized laser pulse to deterministically write any selected spin state of a quantum dot confined dark exciton whose life and coherence time are six and five orders of magnitude longer than the laser pulse duration, respectively. The pulse is tuned to an absorption resonance of an excited dark exciton state, which acquires non-negligible oscillator strength due to residual mixing with bright exciton states. We obtain a high fidelity one-to-one mapping from any point on the Poincare sphere of the pulse polarization to a corresponding point on the Bloch sphere of the spin of the deterministically photogenerated dark exciton.
We investigate theoretically the coupling of a cavity mode to a continuous distribution of emitters. We discuss the influence of the emitters inhomogeneous broadening on the existence and on the coherence properties of the polaritonic peaks. We find that their coherence depends crucially on the shape of the distribution and not only on its width. Under certain conditions the coupling to the cavity protects the polaritonic states from inhomogeneous broadening, resulting in a longer storage time for a quantum memory based on emitters ensembles. When two different ensembles of emitters are coupled to the resonator, they support a peculiar collective dark state, also very attractive for the storage of quantum information.
We demonstrate long-lived coherence in internal hyperfine states of a single Ca{43} trapped-ion qubit $[T_2=1.2(2)s]$, and in external motional states of a single Ca{40} trapped-ion qubit $[T_2=0.18(4)s]$, in the same apparatus. The motional decoherence rate is consistent with the heating rate, which was measured to be 3(1) quanta/sec. Long coherence times in the external motional states are essential for performing high-fidelity quantum logic gates between trapped-ion qubits. The internal-state $T_2$ time that we observe in Ca{43}, which has not previously been used as a trapped-ion qubit, is about one thousand times longer than that of physical qubits based on Ca{40} ions. Using a single spin-echo pulse to ``re-phase the internal state, we can detect no decoherence after 1s, implying an effective coherence time $T_2^{mbox{tiny SE}} gtish 45s$. This compares with timescales in this trap for single-qubit operations of ish 1us, and for two-qubit operations of ish 10us.