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Register a new userLong- to short-junction crossover and field-reentrant critical current in Al/Ag-nanowires/Al Josephson junctions
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We have probed the superconducting proximity effect through long high-quality monocrystalline Ag nanowires, by realizing Josephson junctions of different lengths, with different superconducting materials. Thanks to the high number of junctions probed, both the contact resistance and electron diffusion constant could be determined, enabling a comparison of the measured critical current to theoretical expectation, over the entire regime from short to long diffusive junction. Although the length dependence of the critical current is as expected, the amplitude of the $R_{N}I_c$ product is smaller than predicted by theory. We also address the magnetic field dependence of the critical current. The quasi-gaussian decay of the critical current with field expected of a long narrow junction is observed for all superconducting contacts we used except for aluminum. We present the striking non-monotonous effect of field on the critical current of junctions with aluminum contacts, and analyze it in terms of improved quasiparticle thermalization by a magnetic field.
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We present low-temperature measurements of the low-frequency $1/f$ noise arising from an ensemble of two-level fluctuators in the oxide barrier of Al/AlO$_{x}$/Al Josephson junctions. The fractional noise power spectrum of the critical-current and normal-state resistance have similar magnitudes and scale linearly with temperature, implying an equivalence between the two. Compiling our results and published data, we deduce the area and temperature scaling of the noise for AlO$_{x}$ barrier junctions. We find that the density of two-level fluctuators in the junction barrier is similar to the typical value in glassy systems. We discuss the implications and consistency with recent qubit experiments.
Short ballistic graphene Josephson junctions sustain superconducting current with a non-sinusoidal current-phase relation up to a critical current threshold. The current-phase relation, arising from proximitized superconductivity, is gate-voltage tunable and exhibits peculiar skewness observed in high quality graphene superconductors heterostructures with clean interfaces. These properties make graphene Josephson junctions promising sensitive quantum probes of microscopic fluctuations underlying transport in two-dimensions. We show that the power spectrum of the critical current fluctuations has a characteristic $1/f$ dependence on frequency, $f$, probing two points and higher correlations of carrier density fluctuations of the graphene channel induced by carrier traps in the nearby substrate. Tunability with the Fermi level, close to and far from the charge neutrality point, and temperature dependence of the noise amplitude are clear fingerprints of the underlying material-inherent processes. Our results suggest a roadmap for the analysis of decoherence sources in the implementation of coherent devices by hybrid nanostructures.
In a standard Josephson junction the current is zero when the phase difference between the superconducting leads is zero. This condition is protected by parity and time-reversal symmetries. However, the combined presence of spin-orbit coupling and magnetic field breaks these symmetries and can lead to a finite supercurrent even when the phase difference is zero. This is the so called anomalous Josephson effect -- the hallmark effect of superconducting spintronics --and can be characterized by the corresponding anomalous phase shift ($phi_0$). We report the observation of a tunable anomalous Josephson effect in InAs/Al Josephson junctions measured via a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). By gate controlling the density of InAs we are able to tune the spin-orbit coupling of the Josephson junction by more than one order of magnitude. This gives us the ability to tune $phi_0$, and opens several new opportunities for superconducting spintronics, and new possibilities for realizing and characterizing topological superconductivity.
We show that less than 10% of the barrier area dominates the electron tunneling in state-of-art Al/AlOx/Al Josephson junctions. They have been studied by transmission electron microscopy, specifically using atomic resolution annular dark field (ADF) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) imaging. The direct observation of the local barrier thickness shows a Gaussian distribution of the barrier thickness variation along the junction, from ~1 nm to ~2 nm in the three junctions we studied. We have investigated how the thickness distribution varies with oxygen pressure (po) and oxidation time (to) and we find, in agreement with resistance measurements on similar junctions, that an increased to gives a thicker barrier than an increased po.
We report on realization and quantum transport study of a twisted bilayer graphene (tBLG) Josephson junction device. High-quality tBLG employed in the device fabrication is obtained via chemical vapour deposition and the device is fabricated by contacting a piece of tBLG by two closely spaced Al electrodes in an Al-tBLG-Al Josephson junction configuration. Low-temperature transport measurements show that below the critical temperature of the Al electrodes ($T_capprox1.1$ K), the device exhibits sizable supercurrents at zero magnetic field, arising from the superconducting proximity effect with high contact transparency in the device. In the measurements of the critical supercurrent as a function of perpendicularly applied magnetic field, a standard Fraunhofer-like pattern of oscillations is observed, indicating a uniform supercurrent distribution inside the junction. Multiple Andreev reflection characteristics are also observed in the spectroscopy measurements of the device, and their magnetic field and temperature dependencies are found to be well described by the Bardeen$-$Cooper$-$Schrieffer theory.
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