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Register a new userTask Bench: A Parameterized Benchmark for Evaluating Parallel Runtime Performance
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Added by
Elliott Slaughter
Publication date
2019
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
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We present Task Bench, a parameterized benchmark designed to explore the performance of parallel and distributed programming systems under a variety of application scenarios. Task Bench lowers the barrier to benchmarking multiple programming systems by making the implementation for a given system orthogonal to the benchmarks themselves: every benchmark constructed with Task Bench runs on every Task Bench implementation. Furthermore, Task Benchs parameterization enables a wide variety of benchmark scenarios that distill the key characteristics of larger applications. We conduct a comprehensive study with implementations of Task Bench in 15 programming systems on up to 256 Haswell nodes of the Cori supercomputer. We introduce a novel metric, minimum effective task granularity to study the baseline runtime overhead of each system. We show that when running at scale, 100 {mu}s is the smallest granularity that even the most efficient systems can reliably support with current technologies. We also study each systems scalability, ability to hide communication and mitigate load imbalance.
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Much recent progress in applications of machine learning models to NLP has been driven by benchmarks that evaluate models across a wide variety of tasks. However, these broad-coverage benchmarks have been mostly limited to English, and despite an increasing interest in multilingual models, a benchmark that enables the comprehensive evaluation of such methods on a diverse range of languages and tasks is still missing. To this end, we introduce the Cross-lingual TRansfer Evaluation of Multilingual Encoders XTREME benchmark, a multi-task benchmark for evaluating the cross-lingual generalization capabilities of multilingual representations across 40 languages and 9 tasks. We demonstrate that while models tested on English reach human performance on many tasks, there is still a sizable gap in the performance of cross-lingually transferred models, particularly on syntactic and sentence retrieval tasks. There is also a wide spread of results across languages. We release the benchmark to encourage research on cross-lingual learning methods that transfer linguistic knowledge across a diverse and representative set of languages and tasks.
High-performance computing (HPC) is a major driver accelerating scientific research and discovery, from quantum simulations to medical therapeutics. The growing number of new HPC systems coming online are being furnished with various hardware components, engineered by competing industry entities, each having their own architectures and platforms to be supported. While the increasing availability of these resources is in many cases pivotal to successful science, even the largest collaborations lack the computational expertise required for maximal exploitation of current hardware capabilities. The need to maintain multiple platform-specific codebases further complicates matters, potentially adding a constraint on the number of machines that can be utilized. Fortunately, numerous programming models are under development that aim to facilitate software solutions for heterogeneous computing. In this paper, we leverage the SYCL programming model to demonstrate cross-platform performance portability across heterogeneous resources. We detail our NVIDIA and AMD random number generator extensions to the oneMKL open-source interfaces library. Performance portability is measured relative to platform-specific baseline applications executed on four major hardware platforms using two different compilers supporting SYCL. The utility of our extensions are exemplified in a real-world setting via a high-energy physics simulation application. We show the performance of implementations that capitalize on SYCL interoperability are at par with native implementations, attesting to the cross-platform performance portability of a SYCL-based approach to scientific codes.
The performance of collective operations has been a critical issue since the advent of MPI. Many algorithms have been proposed for each MPI collective operation but none of them proved optimal in all situations. Different algorithms demonstrate superior performance depending on the platform, the message size, the number of processes, etc. MPI implementations perform the selection of the collective algorithm empirically, executing a simple runtime decision function. While efficient, this approach does not guarantee the optimal selection. As a more accurate but equally efficient alternative, the use of analytical performance models of collective algorithms for the selection process was proposed and studied. Unfortunately, the previous attempts in this direction have not been successful. We revisit the analytical model-based approach and propose two innovations that significantly improve the selective accuracy of analytical models: (1) We derive analytical models from the code implementing the algorithms rather than from their high-level mathematical definitions. This results in more detailed models. (2) We estimate model parameters separately for each collective algorithm and include the execution of this algorithm in the corresponding communication experiment. We experimentally demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of our approach using Open MPI broadcast and gather algorithms and a Grid5000 cluster.
Data-intensive applications are becoming commonplace in all science disciplines. They are comprised of a rich set of sub-domains such as data engineering, deep learning, and machine learning. These applications are built around efficient data abstractions and operators that suit the applications of different domains. Often lack of a clear definition of data structures and operators in the field has led to other implementations that do not work well together. The HPTMT architecture that we proposed recently, identifies a set of data structures, operators, and an execution model for creating rich data applications that links all aspects of data engineering and data science together efficiently. This paper elaborates and illustrates this architecture using an end-to-end application with deep learning and data engineering parts working together.
The performance of biomolecular molecular dynamics simulations has steadily increased on modern high performance computing resources but acceleration of the analysis of the output trajectories has lagged behind so that analyzing simulations is becoming a bottleneck. To close this gap, we studied the performance of parallel trajectory analysis with MPI and the Python MDAnalysis library on three different XSEDE supercomputers where trajectories were read from a Lustre parallel file system. Strong scaling performance was impeded by stragglers, MPI processes that were slower than the typical process. Stragglers were less prevalent for compute-bound workloads, thus pointing to file reading as a bottleneck for scaling. However, a more complicated picture emerged in which both the computation and the data ingestion exhibited close to ideal strong scaling behavior whereas stragglers were primarily caused by either large MPI communication costs or long times to open the single shared trajectory file. We improved overall strong scaling performance by either subfiling (splitting the trajectory into separate files) or MPI-IO with Parallel HDF5 trajectory files. The parallel HDF5 approach resulted in near ideal strong scaling on up to 384 cores (16 nodes), thus reducing trajectory analysis times by two orders of magnitude compared to the serial approach.
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