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Register a new userConstraints on the physical properties of Type Ia supernovae from photometry
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We present a photometric study of 17 Type Ia supernovae (SNe) based on multi-color (Bessell BVRI) data taken at Piszkesteto mountain station of Konkoly Observatory, Hungary between 2016 and 2018. We analyze the light curves (LCs) using the publicly available LC-fitter SNooPy2 to derive distance and reddening information. The bolometric LCs are fit with a radiation-diffusion Arnett-model to get constraints on the physical parameters of the ejecta: the optical opacity, the ejected mass and the expansion velocity in particular. We also study the pre-maximum (B-V) color evolution by comparing our data with standard delayed detonation and pulsational delayed detonation models, and show that the Ni56 masses of the models that fit the (B-V) colors are consistent with those derived from the bolometric LC fitting. We find similar correlations between the ejecta parameters (e.g. ejecta mass, or Ni56 mass vs decline rate) as published recently by Scalzo et al. (2019).
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We re-examine the contentious question of constraints on anisotropic expansion from Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) in the light of a novel determination of peculiar velocities, which are crucial to test isotropy with supernovae out to distances $lesssim 200/h$ Mpc. We re-analyze the Joint Light-Curve Analysis (JLA) Supernovae (SNe) data, improving on previous treatments of peculiar velocity corrections and their uncertainties (both statistical and systematic) by adopting state-of-the-art flow models constrained independently via the 2M$++$ galaxy redshift compilation. We also introduce a novel procedure to account for colour-based selection effects, and adjust the redshift of low-$z$ SNe self-consistently in the light of our improved peculiar velocity model. We adopt the Bayesian hierarchical model texttt{BAHAMAS} to constrain a dipole in the distance modulus in the context of the $Lambda$CDM model and the deceleration parameter in a phenomenological Cosmographic expansion. We do not find any evidence for anisotropic expansion, and place a tight upper bound on the amplitude of a dipole, $|D_mu| < 5.93 times 10^{-4}$ (95% credible interval) in a $Lambda$CDM setting, and $|D_{q_0}| < 6.29 times 10^{-2}$ in the Cosmographic expansion approach. Using Bayesian model comparison, we obtain posterior odds in excess of 900:1 (640:1) against a constant-in-redshift dipole for $Lambda$CDM (the Cosmographic expansion). In the isotropic case, an accelerating universe is favoured with odds of $sim 1100:1$ with respect to a decelerating one.
We describe a research program to improve the understanding of Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) by modeling and observing near infrared (NIR) spectra of these events. The NIR between 0.9 microns and 2.5 microns is optimal for examining certain products of the SNe Ia explosion that may be blended or obscured in other spectral regions. NIR analysis will enable us to place important constraints on the physical properties of SNe Ia progenitors and their explosion dynamics. These are critical steps toward understanding the physics of Type Ia Supernovae. We have identified features in NIR spectra of SNe Ia that discriminate between Population I and Population II progenitors. These features can significantly restrict the evolutionary history of SNe Ia. We also examine certain products of the nuclear burning that enable us to place constraints on the propagation of nuclear burning during the explosion, and on the behavior of the burning front during the event. We will be able to differentiate between the several explosion models for SNe Ia.
We present optical light curves of five Type Ia supernovae (2002er, 2002fk, 2003cg, 2003du, 2003fk). The photometric observations were performed in a set of intermediate-band filters. SNe 2002er, 2003du appear to be normal SN Ia events with similar light curve shapes, while SN 2003kf shows the behavior of a brighter SN Ia with slower decline rate after maximum. The light curves of SN 2003cg is unusual; they show a fast rise and dramatic decline near maximum and do not display secondary peak at longer wavelengths during 15-30 days after maximum light. This suggests that SN 2003cg is likely to be an intrinsically subluminous, 91bg-like SN Ia. Exploration of SN Ia feature lines through intermediate-band photometry is briefly discussed.
With a booming number of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered within a few days of their explosions, a fraction of SNe Ia that show luminosity excess in the early phase (early-excess SNe Ia) have been confirmed. In this article, we report early-phase observations of seven photometrically normal SNe Ia (six early detections and one deep non-detection limit) at the COSMOS field through a half-year transient survey as a part of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC SSP). In particular, a blue light-curve excess was discovered for HSC17bmhk, a normal SN Ia with rise time longer than 18.8 days, during the first four days after the discovery. The blue early excess in optical wavelength can be explained not only by interactions with a non-degenerate companion or surrounding dense circumstellar matter but also radiation powered by radioactive decays of $^{56}$Ni at the surface of the SN ejecta. Given the growing evidence of the early-excess discoveries in normal SNe Ia that have longer rise times than the average and a similarity in the nature of the blue excess to a luminous SN Ia subclass, we infer that early excess discovered in HSC17bmhk and other normal SNe Ia are most likely attributed to radioactive $^{56}$Ni decay at the surface of the SN ejecta. In order to successfully identify normal SNe Ia with early excess similar to that of HSC17bmhk, early UV photometries or high-cadence blue-band surveys are necessary.
Peculiar velocities of type Ia supernova (SNIa) host galaxies affect the dark-energy parameter constraints in a small but very specific way: the parameters are biased in a single direction in parameter space that is a-priori knowable for a given SNIa dataset. We demonstrate the latter fact with a combination of inference from a cosmological N-body simulation with overwhelming statistics applied to the Pantheon SNIa data set, then confirm it by simple quantitative arguments. We quantify small modifications to the current analyses that would ensure that the effect of cosmological parameters is essentially guaranteed to be negligible.
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