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We investigate the entanglement measures of tripartite W-State and GHZ-state in noninertial frame through the coordinate transformation between Minkowski and Rindler. First it is shown that all three qubits undergo in a uniform acceleration $a$ of W-State, we find that the one-tangle, two-tangle, and $pi$-tangle decrease when the acceleration parameter $r$ increases, and the two-tangle cannot arrive to infinity of the acceleration. Next we show that the one qubit goes in a uniform acceleration $a_{1}$ and the other two undergo in a uniform acceleration $a$ of GHZ-state, we find that the two-tangle is equal to zero and $N_{B_I (A_I C_I)} = N_{C_I (A_I B_I)} eq N_{A_I (B_I C_I)}$, but one-tangle and $pi$-tangle never reduce to zero for any acceleration.
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The quantization of the electromagnetic field has successfully paved the way for the development of the Standard Model of Particle Physics and has established the basis for quantum technologies. Gravity, however, continues to hold out against physicists efforts of including it into the framework of quantum theory. Experimental techniques in quantum optics have only recently reached the precision and maturity required for the investigation of quantum systems under the influence of gravitational fields. Here, we report on experiments in which a genuine quantum state of an entangled photon pair was exposed to a series of different accelerations. We measure an entanglement witness for $g$ values ranging from 30 mg to up to 30 g - under free-fall as well on a spinning centrifuge - and have thus derived an upper bound on the effects of uniform acceleration on photonic entanglement. Our work represents the first quantum optics experiment in which entanglement is systematically tested in geodesic motion as well as in accelerated reference frames with acceleration a>>g = 9.81 m/s^2.
We present a simple model together with its physical implementation which allows one to generate multipartite entanglement between several spatial modes of the electromagnetic field. It is based on parametric down-conversion with N pairs of symmetrically-tilted plane waves serving as a pump. The characteristics of this spatial entanglement are investigated in the cases of zero as well as nonzero phase mismatch. Furthermore, the phenomenon of entanglement localization in just two spatial modes is studied in detail and results in an enhancement of the entanglement by a factor square root of N.
We analyze the entanglement distribution and the two-qubit residual entanglement in multipartite systems. For a composite system consisting of two cavities interacting with independent reservoirs, it is revealed that the entanglement evolution is restricted by an entanglement monogamy relation derived here. Moreover, it is found that the initial cavity-cavity entanglement evolves completely to the genuine four-partite cavities-reservoirs entanglement in the time interval between the sudden death of cavity-cavity entanglement and the birth of reservoir-reservoir entanglement. In addition, we also address the relationship between the genuine block-block entanglement form and qubit-block form in the interval.
Entangled systems in experiments may be lost or offline in distributed quantum information processing. This inspires a general problem to characterize quantum operations which result in breaking of entanglement or not. Our goal in this work is to solve this problem both in single entanglement and network scenarios. We firstly propose a local model for characterizing all entangled states that are breaking for losing particles. This implies a simple criterion for witnessing single entanglement such as generalized GHZ states and Dicke states. It further provides an efficient witness for characterizing entangled quantum networks depending mainly on the connectivity of network configurations such as $k$-independent quantum networks, completely connected quantum networks, and $k$-connected quantum networks. These networks are universal resources for measurement-based quantum computations. The strong nonlocality can be finally verified by using nonlinear inequalities. These results show distinctive features of both single entangled systems and entangled quantum networks.
Quantum entanglement between an arbitrary number of remote qubits is examined analytically. We show that there is a non-probabilistic way to address in one context the management of entanglement of an arbitrary number of mixed-state qubits by engaging quantitative measures of entanglement and a specific external control mechanism. Both all-party entanglement and weak inseparability are considered. We show that for $Nge4$, the death of all-party entanglement is permanent after an initial collapse. In contrast, weak inseparability can be deterministically managed for an arbitrarily large number of qubits almost indefinitely. Our result suggests a picture of the path that the system traverses in the Hilbert space.
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