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Register a new userPhoton bunching in a rotating reference frame
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Although quantum physics is well understood in inertial reference frames (flat spacetime), a current challenge is the search for experimental evidence of non-trivial or unexpected behaviour of quantum systems in non-inertial frames. Here, we present a novel test of quantum mechanics in a non-inertial reference frame: we consider Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference on a rotating platform and study the effect of uniform rotation on the distinguishability of the photons. Both theory and experiments show that the rotational motion induces a relative delay in the photon arrival times at the exit beamsplitter and that this delay is observed as a shift in the position of the HOM dip. This experiment can be extended to a full general relativistic test of quantum physics using satellites in Earth orbit and indicates a new route towards the use of photonic technologies for investigating quantum mechanics at the interface with relativity.
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Photon antibunching in the light scattered by single quantum emitters is one of the hallmarks of quantum optics, providing an unequivocal demonstration of the quantized nature of the electromagnetic field. Antibunching can be intuitively understood by the need for a two-level system lying in its lower state after emitting a photon to be re-excited into the upper one before a second emission can take place. Here we show that such a picture breaks down in the ultrastrong light-matter coupling regime, when the coupling strength becomes comparable to the bare emitter frequency. Specialising to the cases of both a natural and a superconducting artificial atom, we thus show that a single emitter coupled to a photonic resonator can emit bunched light. The result presented herein is a clear evidence of how the ultrastrong coupling regime is able to change the nature of individual atoms.
We demonstrate the effect of interference, similar to the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect, for two single-photon pulses by writing them sequentially inside a quantum memory cell in a tripod configuration.
We present an experimental realization of a robust quantum communication scheme [Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 220501 (2004)] using pairs of photons entangled in polarization and time. Our method overcomes errors due to collective rotation of the polarization modes (e.g., birefringence in optical fiber or misalignment), is insensitive to the phases fluctuation of the interferometer, and does not require any shared reference frame including time reference, except the need to label different photons. The practical robustness of the scheme is further shown by implementing a variation of the Bennett-Brassard 1984 quantum key distribution protocol over 1 km optical fiber.
The photon statistics and bunching of a semiconductor laser with external optical feedback are investigated experimentally and theoretically. In a chaotic regime, the photon number distribution is measured and undergoes a transition from Bose-Einstein distribution to Poisson distribution with increasing the mean photon number. The second order degree of coherence decreases gradually from 2 to 1. Based on Hanbury Brown-Twiss scheme, pronounced photon bunching is observed experimentally for various injection currents and feedback strengths, which indicates the randomness of the associated emission light. Near-threshold injection currents and strong feedback strengths modify exactly the laser performance to be more bunched. The macroscopic chaotic dynamics is confirmed simultaneously by high-speed analog detection. The theoretical results qualitatively agree with the experimental results. It is potentially useful to extract randomness and achieve desired entropy source for random number generator and imaging science by quantifying the control parameters.
The behaviour of quantum systems in non-inertial frames is revisited from the point of view of affine coherent state (ACS) quantization. We restrict our approach to the one-particle dynamics confined in a rotating plane about a fixed axis. This plane is considered as punctured due to the existence of the rotation center, which is viewed as a singularity. The corresponding phase space is the affine group of the plane and the ACS quantization enables us to quantize the system by respecting the affine symmetry of the true phase space. Our formulation predicts the appearance of an additional quantum centrifugal term, besides the usual angular momentum one, which prevents the particle to reach the singular rotation center. Moreover it helps us to understand why two different non-inertial Schr{o}dinger equations are obtained in previous works. The validity of our equation can be confirmed experimentally by observing the harmonic oscillator bound states and the critical angular velocity for their existence.
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