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Register a new userMeasuring the Complexity of Packet Traces
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Added by
Chen Avin
Publication date
2019
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
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This paper studies the structure of several real-world traces (including Facebook, High-Performance Computing, Machine Learning, and simulation generated traces) and presents a systematic approach to quantify and compare the structure of packet traces based on the entropy contained in the trace file. Insights into the structure of packet traces can lead to improved network algorithms that are optimized toward specific traffic patterns. We then present a methodology to quantify the temporal and non-temporal components of entropy contained in a packet trace, called the trace complexity, using randomization and compression. We show that trace complexity provides unique insights into the characteristics of various applications and argue that there is a need for traffic generation models that preserve the intrinsic structure of empirically measured application traces. We then propose a traffic generator model that is able to produce a synthetic trace that matches the complexity level of its corresponding real-world trace.
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In this article, we study connections between representation theory and efficient solutions to the conjugacy problem on finitely generated groups. The main focus is on the conjugacy problem in conjugacy separable groups, where we measure efficiency in terms of the size of the quotients required to distinguish a distinct pair of conjugacy classes.
P4 is a high-level language for programming protocol-independent packet processors. P4 works in conjunction with SDN control protocols like OpenFlow. In its current form, OpenFlow explicitly specifies protocol headers on which it operates. This set has grown from 12 to 41 fields in a few years, increasing the complexity of the specification while still not providing the flexibility to add new headers. In this paper we propose P4 as a strawman proposal for how OpenFlow should evolve in the future. We have three goals: (1) Reconfigurability in the field: Programmers should be able to change the way switches process packets once they are deployed. (2) Protocol independence: Switches should not be tied to any specific network protocols. (3) Target independence: Programmers should be able to describe packet-processing functionality independently of the specifics of the underlying hardware. As an example, we describe how to use P4 to configure a switch to add a new hierarchical label.
The packet is the fundamental unit of transportation in modern communication networks such as the Internet. Physical layer scheduling decisions are made at the level of packets, and packet-level models with exogenous arrival processes have long been employed to study network performance, as well as design scheduling policies that more efficiently utilize network resources. On the other hand, a user of the network is more concerned with end-to-end bandwidth, which is allocated through congestion control policies such as TCP. Utility-based flow-level models have played an important role in understanding congestion control protocols. In summary, these two classes of models have provided separate insights for flow-level and packet-level dynamics of a network.
Many systems require frequent and regular updates of a certain information. These updates have to be transferred regularly from the source to the destination. We consider scenarios in which an old packet becomes completely obsolete, in the presence of a new packet. In this context, if a new packet arrives at the source while it is transferring a packet, one needs to decide the packet to be dropped. New packet has recent information, but might require more time to transfer. Thus it is not clear as to which packet to be dis- carded, and this is the main focus of the paper. Recently introduced performance metrics, called average age of information (AAoI) and peak age of information (PAoI) of the information available at the destination, are the relevant performance measures. These type of systems do not require storage buffers, of size more than one, at the source queue. We consider single source / multiple sources regularly updating information to a single destination possibly over wireless channels to derive optimal drop policies that optimize the AAoI. We showed that the state independent (static) policies like dropping always the old packets or dropping always the new packets is optimal in many scenarios, among an appropriate set of stationary Markov policies. We consider relevant games when multiple sources compete. In many scenarios, the non-cooperative solution almost minimizes the social objective, the sum of AAoIs of all the sources.
A common situation occurring when dealing with multimedia traffic is having large data frames fragmented into smaller IP packets, and having these packets sent independently through the network. For real-time multimedia traffic, dropping even few packets of a frame may render the entire frame useless. Such traffic is usually modeled as having {em inter-packet dependencies}. We study the problem of scheduling traffic with such dependencies, where each packet has a deadline by which it should arrive at its destination. Such deadlines are common for real-time multimedia applications, and are derived from stringent delay constraints posed by the application. The figure of merit in such environments is maximizing the systems {em goodput}, namely, the number of frames successfully delivered. We study online algorithms for the problem of maximizing goodput of delay-bounded traffic with inter-packet dependencies, and use competitive analysis to evaluate their performance. We present competitive algorithms for the problem, as well as matching lower bounds that are tight up to a constant factor. We further present the results of a simulation study which further validates our algorithmic approach and shows that insights arising from our analysis are indeed manifested in practice.
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