No Arabic abstract
In this paper we consider the numerical approximation of systems of Boussinesq-type to model surface wave propagation. Some theoretical properties of these systems (multi-symplectic and Hamiltonian formulations, well-posedness and existence of solitary-wave solutions) were previously analyzed by the authors in Part I. As a second part of the study, considered here is the construction of geometric schemes for the numerical integration. By using the method of lines, the geometric properties, based on the multi-symplectic and Hamiltonian structures, of different strategies for the spatial and time discretizations are discussed and illustrated.
The Boussinesq equations are known since the end of the XIXst century. However, the proliferation of various textsc{Boussinesq}-type systems started only in the second half of the XXst century. Today they come under various flavours depending on the goals of the modeller. At the beginning of the XXIst century an effort to classify such systems, at least for even bottoms, was undertaken and developed according to both different physical regimes and mathematical properties, with special emphasis, in this last sense, on the existence of symmetry groups and their connection to conserved quantities. Of particular interest are those systems admitting a symplectic structure, with the subsequent preservation of the total energy represented by the Hamiltonian. In the present paper a family of Boussinesq-type systems with multi-symplectic structure is introduced. Some properties of the new systems are analyzed: their relation with already known Boussinesq models, the identification of those systems with additional Hamiltonian structure as well as other mathematical features like well-posedness and existence of different types of solitary-wave solutions. The consistency of multi-symplectic systems with the full Euler equations is also discussed.
The main objective of this paper is to develop a general method of geometric discretization for infinite-dimensional systems and apply this method to the EPDiff equation. The method described below extends one developed by Pavlov et al. for incompressible Euler fluids. Here this method is presented in a general case applicable to all, not only divergence-free, vector fields. Also, a different (pseudospectral) representation of the velocity field is used. We will apply this method to the one-dimensional EPDiff equation and present numerical results.
The paper is devoted to discretization of integral norms of functions from a given finite dimensional subspace. This problem is very important in applications but there is no systematic study of it. We present here a new technique, which works well for discretization of the integral norm. It is a combination of probabilistic technique, based on chaining, with results on the entropy numbers in the uniform norm.
This paper contributes with a new formal method of spatial discretization of a class of nonlinear distributed parameter systems that allow a port-Hamiltonian representation over a one dimensional manifold. A specific finite dimensional port-Hamiltonian element is defined that enables a structure preserving discretization of the infinite dimensional model that inherits the Dirac structure, the underlying energy balance and matches the Hamiltonian function on any, possibly nonuniform mesh of the spatial geometry.
We consider two `Classical Boussinesq type systems modelling two-way propagation of long surface waves in a finite channel with variable bottom topography. Both systems are derived from the 1-d Serre-Green-Naghdi (SGN) system; one of them is valid for stronger bottom variations, and coincides with Peregrines system, and the other is valid for smaller bottom variations. We discretize in the spatial variable simple initial-boundary-value problems (ibvps) for both systems using standard Galerkin-finite element methods and prove $L^2$ error estimates for the ensuing semidiscrete approximations. We couple the schemes with the 4th order-accurate, explicit, classical Runge-Kutta time-stepping procedure and use the resulting fully discrete methods in numerical simulations of dispersive wave propagation over variable bottoms with several kinds of boundary conditions, including absorbing ones. We describe in detail the changes that solitary waves undergo when evolving under each system over a variety of variable-bottom environments. We assess the efficacy of both systems in approximating these flows by comparing the results of their simulations with each other, with simulations of the SGN-system, and with available experimental data from the literature.