No Arabic abstract
For a finite group $G$, let $K(G)$ denote the field generated over $mathbb{Q}$ by its character values. For $n>24$, G. R. Robinson and J. G. Thompson proved that $$K(A_n)=mathbb{Q}left ({ sqrt{p^*} : pleq n {text{ an odd prime with } p eq n-2}}right),$$ where $p^*:=(-1)^{frac{p-1}{2}}p$. Confirming a speculation of Thompson, we show that arbitrary suitable multiquadratic fields are similarly generated by the values of $A_n$-characters restricted to elements whose orders are only divisible by ramified primes. To be more precise, we say that a $pi$-number is a positive integer whose prime factors belong to a set of odd primes $pi:= {p_1, p_2,dots, p_t}$. Let $K_{pi}(A_n)$ be the field generated by the values of $A_n$-characters for even permutations whose orders are $pi$-numbers. If $tgeq 2$, then we determine a constant $N_{pi}$ with the property that for all $n> N_{pi}$, we have $$K_{pi}(A_n)=mathbb{Q}left(sqrt{p_1^*}, sqrt{p_2^*},dots, sqrt{p_t^*}right).$$
In previous work, the authors confirmed the speculation of J. G. Thompson that certain multiquadratic fields are generated by specified character values of sufficiently large alternating groups $A_n$. Here we address the natural generalization of this speculation to the finite general linear groups $mathrm{GL}_mleft(mathbb{F}_qright)$ and $mathrm{SL}_2left(mathbb{F}_qright)$.
A popular account of the mixing patterns for the three generations of quarks and leptons is through the characters $kappa$ of a finite group $G$. Here we introduce a $d$-dimensional Hilbert space with $d=cc(G)$, the number of conjugacy classes of $G$. Groups under consideration should follow two rules, (a) the character table contains both two- and three-dimensional representations with at least one of them faithful and (b) there are minimal informationally complete measurements under the action of a $d$-dimensional Pauli group over the characters of these representations. Groups with small $d$ that satisfy these rules coincide in a large part with viable ones derived so far for reproducing simultaneously the CKM (quark) and PNMS (lepton) mixing matrices. Groups leading to physical $CP$ violation are singled out.
We calculate certain wide moments of central values of Rankin--Selberg $L$-functions $L(piotimes Omega, 1/2)$ where $pi$ is a cuspidal automorphic representation of $mathrm{GL}_2$ over $mathbb{Q}$ and $Omega$ is a Hecke character (of conductor $1$) of an imaginary quadratic field. This moment calculation is applied to obtain weak simultaneous non-vanishing results, which are non-vanishing results for different Rankin--Selberg $L$-functions where the product of the twists is trivial. The proof relies on relating the wide moments to the usual moments of automorphic forms evaluated at Heegner points using Waldspurgers formula. To achieve this, a classical version of Waldspurgers formula for general weight automorphic forms is proven, which might be of independent interest. A key input is equidistribution of Heegner points (with explicit error-terms) together with non-vanishing results for certain period integrals. In particular, we develop a soft technique for obtaining non-vanishing of triple convolution $L$-functions.
Let $G$ be a finite group and let $p$ be a prime. Assume that there exists a prime $q$ dividing $|G|$ which does not divide the order of any $p$-local subgroup of $G$. If $G$ is $p$-solvable or $q$ divides $p-1$, then $G$ has a $p$-block of defect zero. The case $q=2$ is a well-known result by Brauer and Fowler.
We describe examples motivated by the work of Serre and Abhyankar.