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Mirzakhani wrote two papers on counting curves of given type on a surface: one for simple curves, and one for arbitrary ones. We give a complete argument deriving Mirzakhanis result for general curves from the one about simple ones. We then sketch an argument to give a new proof of both results -- full details and other related matters will appear in a book we intend to write.
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We work on a projective threefold $X$ which satisfies the Bogomolov-Gieseker conjecture of Bayer-Macr`i-Toda, such as $mathbb P^3$ or the quintic threefold. We prove certain moduli spaces of 2-dimensional torsion sheaves on $X$ are smooth bundles over Hilbert schemes of ideal sheaves of curves and points in $X$. When $X$ is Calabi-Yau this gives a simple wall crossing formula expressing curve counts (and so ultimately Gromov-Witten invariants) in terms of counts of D4-D2-D0 branes. These latter invariants are predicted to have modular properties which we discuss from the point of view of S-duality and Noether-Lefschetz theory.
We show that Mirzakhanis curve counting theorem also holds if we replace surfaces by orbifolds.
Let $Sigma$ be a hyperbolic surface. We study the set of curves on $Sigma$ of a given type, i.e. in the mapping class group orbit of some fixed but otherwise arbitrary $gamma_0$. For example, in the particular case that $Sigma$ is a once-punctured torus, we prove that the cardinality of the set of curves of type $gamma_0$ and of at most length $L$ is asymptotic to $L^2$ times a constant.
We bring cocycle enhancement theory to the case of psyquandles. Analogously to our previous work on virtual biquandle cocycle enhancements, we define enhancements of the psyquandle counting invariant via pairs of a biquandle 2-cocycle and a new function satisfying some conditions. As an application we define new single-variable and two-variable polynomial invariants of oriented pseudoknots and singular knots and links. We provide examples to show that the new invariants are proper enhancements of the counting invariant are are not determined by the Jablan polynomial.
Given a natural number k and an orientable surface S of finite type, define the k-curve graph to be the graph with vertices corresponding to isotopy classes of essential simple closed curves on S and with edges corresponding to pairs of such curves admitting representatives that intersect at most k times. We prove that the automorphism group of the k-curve graph of a surface S is isomorphic to the extended mapping class group for all k sufficiently small with respect to the Euler characteristic of S. We prove the same result for the so-called systolic complex, a variant of the curve graph whose complete subgraphs encode the intersection patterns for any collection of systoles with respect to a hyperbolic metric. This resolves a conjecture of Schmutz Schaller.
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