No Arabic abstract
Cavity-embedded quantum emitters show strong modifications of free space radiation properties such as an enhanced decay known as the Purcell effect. The central parameter is the cooperativity $C$, the ratio of the square of the coherent cavity coupling strength over the product of cavity and emitter decay rates. For a single emitter, $C$ is independent of the transition dipole moment and dictated by geometric cavity properties such as finesse and mode waist. In a recent work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 093601 (2017)] we have shown that collective excitations in ensembles of dipole-dipole coupled quantum emitters show a disentanglement between the coherent coupling to the cavity mode and spontaneous free space decay. This leads to a strong enhancement of the cavity cooperativity around certain collective subradiant antiresonances. Here, we present a quantum Langevin equations approach aimed at providing results beyond the classical coupled dipoles model. We show that the subradiantly enhanced cooperativity imprints its effects onto the cavity output field quantum correlations while also strongly increasing the cavity-emitter systems collective Kerr nonlinear effect.
Integration of solid state quantum emitters into nanophotonic circuits is a critical step towards fully on-chip quantum photonic based technologies. Among potential materials platforms, quantum emitters in hexagonal boron nitride have emerged over the last years as viable candidate. While the fundamental physical properties have been intensively studied over the last years, only few works have focused on the emitter integration into photonic resonators. Yet, for a potential quantum photonic material platform, the integration with nanophotonic cavities is an important cornerstone, as it enables the deliberate tuning of the spontaneous emission and the improved readout of distinct transitions for that quantum emitter. In this work, we demonstrate the resonant tuning of an integrated monolithic hBN quantum emitter in a photonic crystal cavity through gas condensation at cryogenic temperature. We resonantly coupled the zero phonon line of the emitter to a cavity mode and demonstrate emission enhancement and lifetime reduction, with an estimation for the Purcell factor of ~ 15.
Optical microcavities are a powerful tool to enhance spontaneous emission of individual quantum emitters. However, the broad emission spectra encountered in the solid state at room temperature limit the influence of a cavity, and call for ultra-small mode volume. We demonstrate Purcell-enhanced single photon emission from nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in nanodiamonds coupled to a tunable fiber-based microcavity with a mode volume down to $1.0,lambda^{3}$. We record cavity-enhanced fluorescence images and study several single emitters with one cavity. The Purcell effect is evidenced by enhanced fluorescence collection, as well as tunable fluorescence lifetime modification, and we infer an effective Purcell factor of up to 2.0. With numerical simulations, we furthermore show that a novel regime for light confinement can be achieved, where a Fabry-Perot mode is combined with additional mode confinement by the nanocrystal itself. In this regime, effective Purcell factors of up to 11 for NV centers and 63 for silicon vacancy centers are feasible, holding promise for bright single photon sources and efficient spin readout under ambient conditions.
The major imminent investments in quantum technologies will bring concepts like a global quantum Internet and quantum Internet-of-Things, closer to reality. Our findings reveal a new form of vulnerability that will enable hostile groups of quantum-enabled adversaries to inflict maximal disruption on the global quantum state in such systems. These attacks will be practically impossible to detect since they introduce no change in the Hamiltonian and no loss of purity; they require no real-time communication; and they can be over within a second. We also predict that such attacks will be amplified by the statistical character of modern extremist, insurgent and terrorist groups. A countermeasure could be to embed future quantum technologies within redundant classical networks.
Hybrid molecular-plasmonic nanostructures have demonstrated their potential for surface enhanced spectroscopies, sensing or quantum control at the nanoscale. In this work, we investigate the strong coupling regime and explicitly describe the hybridization between the localized plasmons of a metal nanoparticle and the excited state of a quantum emitter, offering a simple and precise understanding of the energy exchange in full analogy with cavity quantum electrodynamics treatment and dressed atom picture. Both near field emission and far field radiation are discussed, revealing the richness of such optical nanosources.
We consider the effective dynamics obtained by double-passing a far-detuned laser probe through a large atomic spin system. The net result of the atom-field interaction is a type of coherent positive feedback that amplifies the values of selected spin observables. An effective equation of motion for the atomic system is presented, and an approximate 2-parameter model of the dynamics is developed that should provide a viable approach to modeling even the extremely large spin systems, with N>>1 atoms, encountered under typical laboratory conditions. Combining the nonlinear dynamics that result from the positive feedback with continuous observation of the atomic spin offers an improvement in quantum parameter estimation. We explore the possibility of reaching the Heisenberg uncertainty scaling in atomic magnetometry without the need for any appreciable spin-squeezing by analyzing our system via the quantum Cramer-Rao inequality. Finally, we develop a realistic quantum parameter estimator for atomic magnetometry that is based on a two-parameter family of Gaussian states and investigate the performance of this estimator through numerical simulations. In doing so, we identify several issues, such as numerical convergence and the reduction of estimator bias, that must be addressed when incorporating our parameter estimation methods into an actual laboratory setting.