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Register a new userOperator-valued zeta functions and Fourier analysis
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Dorje C. Brody Professor
Publication date
2018
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
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The Riemann zeta function $zeta(s)$ is defined as the infinite sum $sum_{n=1}^infty n^{-s}$, which converges when ${rm Re},s>1$. The Riemann hypothesis asserts that the nontrivial zeros of $zeta(s)$ lie on the line ${rm Re},s= frac{1}{2}$. Thus, to find these zeros it is necessary to perform an analytic continuation to a region of complex $s$ for which the defining sum does not converge. This analytic continuation is ordinarily performed by using a functional equation. In this paper it is argued that one can investigate some properties of the Riemann zeta function in the region ${rm Re},s<1$ by allowing operator-valued zeta functions to act on test functions. As an illustration, it is shown that the locations of the trivial zeros can be determined purely from a Fourier series, without relying on an explicit analytic continuation of the functional equation satisfied by $zeta(s)$.
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We examine partition zeta functions analogous to the Riemann zeta function but summed over subsets of integer partitions. We prove an explicit formula for a family of partition zeta functions already shown to have nice properties -- those summed over partitions of fixed length -- which yields complete information about analytic continuation, poles and trivial roots of the zeta functions in the family. Then we present a combinatorial proof of the explicit formula, which shows it to be a zeta function analog of MacMahons partial fraction decomposition of the generating function for partitions of fixed length.
In this Ph.D. dissertation (2018, Emory University) we prove theorems at the intersection of the additive and multiplicative branches of number theory, bringing together ideas from partition theory, $q$-series, algebra, modular forms and analytic number theory. We present a natural multiplicative theory of integer partitions (which are usually considered in terms of addition), and explore new classes of partition-theoretic zeta functions and Dirichlet series -- as well as Eulerian $q$-hypergeometric series -- enjoying many interesting relations. We find a number of theorems of classical number theory and analysis arise as particular cases of extremely general combinatorial structure laws. Among our applications, we prove explicit formulas for the coefficients of the $q$-bracket of Bloch-Okounkov, a partition-theoretic operator from statistical physics related to quasi-modular forms; we prove partition formulas for arithmetic densities of certain subsets of the integers, giving $q$-series formulas to evaluate the Riemann zeta function; we study $q$-hypergeometric series related to quantum modular forms and the strange function of Kontsevich; and we show how Ramanujans odd-order mock theta functions (and, more generally, the universal mock theta function $g_3$ of Gordon-McIntosh) arise from the reciprocal of the Jacobi triple product via the $q$-bracket operator, connecting also to unimodal sequences in combinatorics and quantum modular-like phenomena.
We introduce several notions of random positive operator valued measures (POVMs), and we prove that some of them are equivalent. We then study statistical properties of the effect operators for the canonical examples, obtaining limiting eigenvalue distributions with the help of free probability theory. Similarly, we obtain the large system limit for several quantities of interest in quantum information theory, such as the sharpness, the noise content, and the probability range. Finally, we study different compatibility criteria, and we compare them for generic POVMs.
The principal aim in this paper is to employ a recently developed unified approach to the computation of traces of resolvents and $zeta$-functions to efficiently compute values of spectral $zeta$-functions at positive integers associated to regular (three-coefficient) self-adjoint Sturm--Liouville differential expressions $tau$. Depending on the underlying boundary conditions, we express the $zeta$-function values in terms of a fundamental system of solutions of $tau y = z y$ and their expansions about the spectral point $z=0$. Furthermore, we give the full analytic continuation of the $zeta$-function through a Liouville transformation and provide an explicit expression for the $zeta$-regularized functional determinant in terms of a particular set of this fundamental system of solutions. An array of examples illustrating the applicability of these methods is provided, including regular Schr{o}dinger operators with zero, piecewise constant, and a linear potential on a compact interval.
We define generalised zeta functions associated to indefinite quadratic forms of signature (g-1,1) -- and more generally, to complex symmetric matrices whose imaginary part has signature (g-1,1) -- and we investigate their properties. These indefinite zeta functions are defined as Mellin transforms of indefinite theta functions in the sense of Zwegers, which are in turn generalised to the Siegel modular setting. We prove an analytic continuation and functional equation for indefinite zeta functions. We also show that indefinite zeta functions in dimension 2 specialise to differences of ray class zeta functions of real quadratic fields, whose leading Taylor coefficients at s=0 are predicted to be logarithms of algebraic units by the Stark conjectures.
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