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Register a new userStory Understanding in Video Advertisements
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Added by
Keren Ye
Publication date
2018
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
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In order to resonate with the viewers, many video advertisements explore creative narrative techniques such as Freytags pyramid where a story begins with exposition, followed by rising action, then climax, concluding with denouement. In the dramatic structure of ads in particular, climax depends on changes in sentiment. We dedicate our study to understand the dynamic structure of video ads automatically. To achieve this, we first crowdsource climax annotations on 1,149 videos from the Video Ads Dataset, which already provides sentiment annotations. We then use both unsupervised and supervised methods to predict the climax. Based on the predicted peak, the low-level visual and audio cues, and semantically meaningful context features, we build a sentiment prediction model that outperforms the current state-of-the-art model of sentiment prediction in video ads by 25%. In our ablation study, we show that using our context features, and modeling dynamics with an LSTM, are both crucial factors for improved performance.
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There is more to images than their objective physical content: for example, advertisements are created to persuade a viewer to take a certain action. We propose the novel problem of automatic advertisement understanding. To enable research on this problem, we create two datasets: an image dataset of 64,832 image ads, and a video dataset of 3,477 ads. Our data contains rich annotations encompassing the topic and sentiment of the ads, questions and answers describing what actions the viewer is prompted to take and the reasoning that the ad presents to persuade the viewer (What should I do according to this ad, and why should I do it?), and symbolic references ads make (e.g. a dove symbolizes peace). We also analyze the most common persuasive strategies ads use, and the capabilities that computer vision systems should have to understand these strategies. We present baseline classification results for several prediction tasks, including automatically answering questions about the messages of the ads.
Automated tagging of video advertisements has been a critical yet challenging problem, and it has drawn increasing interests in last years as its applications seem to be evident in many fields. Despite sustainable efforts have been made, the tagging task is still suffered from several challenges, such as, efficiently feature fusion approach is desirable, but under-explored in previous studies. In this paper, we present our approach for Multimodal Video Ads Tagging in the 2021 Tencent Advertising Algorithm Competition. Specifically, we propose a novel multi-modal feature fusion framework, with the goal to combine complementary information from multiple modalities. This framework introduces stacking-based ensembling approach to reduce the influence of varying levels of noise and conflicts between different modalities. Thus, our framework can boost the performance of the tagging task, compared to previous methods. To empirically investigate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed framework, we conduct extensive experiments on the challenge datasets. The obtained results suggest that our framework can significantly outperform related approaches and our method ranks as the 1st place on the final leaderboard, with a Global Average Precision (GAP) of 82.63%. To better promote the research in this field, we will release our code in the final version.
Deformable convolution, originally proposed for the adaptation to geometric variations of objects, has recently shown compelling performance in aligning multiple frames and is increasingly adopted for video super-resolution. Despite its remarkable performance, its underlying mechanism for alignment remains unclear. In this study, we carefully investigate the relation between deformable alignment and the classic flow-based alignment. We show that deformable convolution can be decomposed into a combination of spatial warping and convolution. This decomposition reveals the commonality of deformable alignment and flow-based alignment in formulation, but with a key difference in their offset diversity. We further demonstrate through experiments that the increased diversity in deformable alignment yields better-aligned features, and hence significantly improves the quality of video super-resolution output. Based on our observations, we propose an offset-fidelity loss that guides the offset learning with optical flow. Experiments show that our loss successfully avoids the overflow of offsets and alleviates the instability problem of deformable alignment. Aside from the contributions to deformable alignment, our formulation inspires a more flexible approach to introduce offset diversity to flow-based alignment, improving its performance.
Video recognition has been advanced in recent years by benchmarks with rich annotations. However, research is still mainly limited to human action or sports recognition - focusing on a highly specific video understanding task and thus leaving a significant gap towards describing the overall content of a video. We fill this gap by presenting a large-scale Holistic Video Understanding Dataset~(HVU). HVU is organized hierarchically in a semantic taxonomy that focuses on multi-label and multi-task video understanding as a comprehensive problem that encompasses the recognition of multiple semantic aspects in the dynamic scene. HVU contains approx.~572k videos in total with 9 million annotations for training, validation, and test set spanning over 3142 labels. HVU encompasses semantic aspects defined on categories of scenes, objects, actions, events, attributes, and concepts which naturally captures the real-world scenarios. We demonstrate the generalization capability of HVU on three challenging tasks: 1.) Video classification, 2.) Video captioning and 3.) Video clustering tasks. In particular for video classification, we introduce a new spatio-temporal deep neural network architecture called Holistic Appearance and Temporal Network~(HATNet) that builds on fusing 2D and 3D architectures into one by combining intermediate representations of appearance and temporal cues. HATNet focuses on the multi-label and multi-task learning problem and is trained in an end-to-end manner. Via our experiments, we validate the idea that holistic representation learning is complementary, and can play a key role in enabling many real-world applications.
With the advent of large-scale multimodal video datasets, especially sequences with audio or transcribed speech, there has been a growing interest in self-supervised learning of video representations. Most prior work formulates the objective as a contrastive metric learning problem between the modalities. To enable effective learning, however, these strategies require a careful selection of positive and negative samples often combined with hand-designed curriculum policies. In this work we remove the need for negative sampling by taking a generative modeling approach that poses the objective as a translation problem between modalities. Such a formulation allows us to tackle a wide variety of downstream video understanding tasks by means of a single unified framework, without the need for large batches of negative samples common in contrastive metric learning. We experiment with the large-scale HowTo100M dataset for training, and report performance gains over the state-of-the-art on several downstream tasks including video classification (EPIC-Kitchens), question answering (TVQA), captioning (TVC, YouCook2, and MSR-VTT), and text-based clip retrieval (YouCook2 and MSR-VTT).
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