Subscribe to the gold package and get unlimited access to Shamra Academy
Register a new userX-ray Properties of SPT Selected Galaxy Clusters at 0.2<z<1.5 Observed with XMM-Newton
161
0
0.0
(
0
)
Ask ChatGPT about the research
No Arabic abstract
We present measurements of the X-ray observables of the intra-cluster medium (ICM), including luminosity $L_X$, ICM mass $M_{ICM}$, emission-weighted mean temperature $T_X$, and integrated pressure $Y_X$, that are derived from XMM-Newton X-ray observations of a Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect (SZE) selected sample of 59 galaxy clusters from the South Pole Telescope SPT-SZ survey that span the redshift range of $0.20 < z < 1.5$. We constrain the best-fit power law scaling relations between X-ray observables, redshift, and halo mass. The halo masses are estimated based on previously published SZE observable to mass scaling relations, calibrated using information that includes the halo mass function. Employing SZE-based masses in this sample enables us to constrain these scaling relations for massive galaxy clusters ($M_{500}geq 3 times10^{14}$ $M_odot$) to the highest redshifts where these clusters exist without concern for X-ray selection biases. We find that the mass trends are steeper than self-similarity in all cases, and with $geq 2.5{sigma}$ significance in the case of $L_X$ and $M_{ICM}$. The redshift trends are consistent with the self-similar expectation, but the uncertainties remain large. Core-included scaling relations tend to have steeper mass trends for $L_X$. There is no convincing evidence for a redshift-dependent mass trend in any observable. The constraints on the amplitudes of the fitted scaling relations are currently limited by the systematic uncertainties on the SZE-based halo masses, however the redshift and mass trends are limited by the X-ray sample size and the measurement uncertainties of the X-ray observables.
rate research
Read More
We report the scaling relations derived by fitting the X-ray parameters determined from analyzing the XMM-Newton observations of 120 galaxy clusters in the Planck Early Sunyaev-Zeldovich sample spanning the redshift range of 0.059$<$$z$$<$0.546. We find that the slopes of all the investigated scaling relations significantly deviate from the self-similar predictions, if self-similar redshift evolution is assumed. When the redshift evolution is left free to vary, the derived slopes are more in agreement with the self-similar predictions. Relaxed clusters have on average $sim$30$%$ higher X-ray luminosity than disturbed clusters at a given mass, a difference that, depending on the relative fraction of relaxed and disturbed clusters in the samples (e.g. SZ vs X-ray selected), have a strong impact in the normalization obtained in different studies. Using the core-excised cluster luminosities reduces the scatter and brings into better agreement the $L$-$M_{tot}$ and $L$-$T$ relations determined for different samples. $M_{tot}$-$T$, $M_{tot}$-$Y_X$, and $M_{tot}$-$M_{gas}$ relations show little dependence on the dynamical state of the clusters, but the normalizations of these relations may depend on the mass range investigated. Although most of the clusters investigated in this work reside at relatively low redshift, the fits prefer values of $gamma$, the parameter accounting for the redshift evolution, different from the self-similar predictions. This suggests an evolution ($<$2$sigma$ level, with the exception of the $M_{tot}$-$T$ relation) of the scaling relations. For the first time, we find significant evolution ($>$3$sigma$) of the $M_{tot}$-$T$ relation, pointing to an increase of the kinetic-to-thermal energy ratio with redshift. This is consistent with a scenario in which higher redshift clusters are on average more disturbed than their lower redshift counterparts.
We analyse Chandra X-ray Observatory observations of a set of galaxy clusters selected by the South Pole Telescope using a new publicly-available forward-modelling projection code, MBProj2, assuming hydrostatic equilibrium. By fitting a powerlaw plus constant entropy model we find no evidence for a central entropy floor in the lowest-entropy systems. A model of the underlying central entropy distribution shows a narrow peak close to zero entropy which accounts for 60 per cent of the systems, and a second broader peak around 130 keV cm^2. We look for evolution over the 0.28 to 1.2 redshift range of the sample in density, pressure, entropy and cooling time at 0.015 R_500 and at 10 kpc radius. By modelling the evolution of the central quantities with a simple model, we find no evidence for a non-zero slope with redshift. In addition, a non-parametric sliding median shows no significant change. The fraction of cool-core clusters with central cooling times below 2 Gyr is consistent above and below z=0.6 (~30-40 per cent). Both by comparing the median thermodynamic profiles, centrally biased towards cool cores, in two redshift bins, and by modelling the evolution of the unbiased average profile as a function of redshift, we find no significant evolution beyond self-similar scaling in any of our examined quantities. Our average modelled radial density, entropy and cooling-time profiles appear as powerlaws with breaks around 0.2 R_500. The dispersion in these quantities rises inwards of this radius to around 0.4 dex, although some of this scatter can be fit by a bimodal model.
Cosmological probes based on galaxy clusters rely on cluster number counts and large-scale structure information. X-ray cluster surveys are well suited for this purpose, since they are far less affected than optical surveys by projection effects, and cluster properties can be predicted with good accuracy. The XMM Cluster Archive Super Survey, X-CLASS, is a serendipitous search of X-ray-detected galaxy clusters in 4176 XMM-Newton archival observations until August 2015. All observations are clipped to exposure times of 10 and 20 ks to obtain uniformity and they span ~269 deg$^2$ across the high-Galactic latitude sky ($|b|> 20^o$). The main goal of the survey is the compilation of a well-selected cluster sample suitable for cosmological analyses. We describe the detection algorithm, the visual inspection, the verification process and the redshift validation of the cluster sample, as well as the cluster selection function computed by simulations. We also present the various metadata that are released with the catalogue, along with the redshifts of 124 clusters obtained with a dedicated multi-object spectroscopic follow-up programme. With this publication we release the new X-CLASS catalogue of 1646 well-selected X-ray-detected clusters over a wide sky area, along with their selection function. The sample spans a wide redshift range, from the local Universe up to z~1.5, with 982 spectroscopically confirmed clusters, and over 70 clusters above z=0.8. Because of its homogeneous selection and thorough verification, the cluster sample can be used for cosmological analyses, but also as a test-bed for the upcoming eROSITA observations and other current and future large-area cluster surveys. It is the first time that such a catalogue is made available to the community via an interactive database which gives access to a wealth of supplementary information, images, and data.
Galaxy interactions/mergers have been shown to dominate the population of IR luminous galaxies (log(LIR)>11.6Lsun) in the local Universe (z<0.25). Recent studies based on the relation between galaxies star formation rates and stellar mass (the SFR-M relation or the galaxy main sequence (MS)) have suggested that galaxy interaction/mergers may only become significant when galaxies fall well above the galaxy MS. Since the typical SFR at given M increases with redshift, the existence of galaxy MS implies that massive, IR-luminous galaxies at high-z may not necessarily be driven by galaxy interactions. We examine the role of galaxy interactions in the SFR-M relation by carrying out a morphological analysis of 2084 Herschel-selected galaxies at 0.2 < z < 1.5 in the COSMOS field. Herschel-PACS and -SPIRE observations covering the full 2-deg^2 COSMOS field provide one of the largest far-IR selected samples of high-redshift galaxies with well-determined redshifts to date, with sufficient sensitivity at z ~ 1, to sample objects lying on and above the galaxy MS. Using a detailed visual classification scheme, we show that the fraction of disk galaxies decreases and the fraction of irregular galaxies increases systematically with increasing LIR out to z ~ 1.5 and z ~ 1.0, respectively. At log(LIR) > 11.5 Lsun, >50% of the objects show evident features of strongly interacting/merger systems, where this percentage is similar to the studies of local IR-luminous galaxies. The fraction of interacting/merger systems also systematically increases with the deviation from the SFR-M relation, supporting the view that galaxies fall above the MS are more dominated by mergers than the MS galaxies. Meanwhile, we find that ~18% of massive IR-luminous MS galaxies are classified as interacting systems, where this population may not evolve through the evolutionary track predicted by a simple gas exhaustion model.
We present a pilot X-ray study of the five most massive ($M_{500}>5 times 10^{14} M_{odot}$), distant (z~1), galaxy clusters detected via the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect. We optimally combine XMM-Newton and Chandra X-ray observations by leveraging the throughput of XMM to obtain spatially-resolved spectroscopy, and the spatial resolution of Chandra to probe the bright inner parts and to detect embedded point sources. Capitalising on the excellent agreement in flux-related measurements, we present a new method to derive the density profiles, constrained in the centre by Chandra and in the outskirts by XMM. We show that the Chandra-XMM combination is fundamental for morphological analysis at these redshifts, the Chandra resolution being required to remove point source contamination, and the XMM sensitivity allowing higher significance detection of faint substructures. The sample is dominated by dynamically disturbed objects. We use the combined Chandra-XMM density profiles and spatially-resolved temperature profiles to investigate thermodynamic quantities including entropy and pressure. From comparison of the scaled profiles with the local REXCESS sample, we find no significant departure from standard self-similar evolution, within the dispersion, at any radius, except for the entropy beyond 0.7$R_{500}$. The baryon mass fraction tends towards the cosmic value, with a weaker dependence on mass than observed in the local Universe. We compare with predictions from numerical simulations. The present pilot study demonstrates the utility and feasibility of spatially-resolved analysis of individual objects at high-redshift through the combination of XMM and Chandra observations. Observations of a larger sample will allow a fuller statistical analysis to be undertaken, in particular of the intrinsic scatter in the structural and scaling properties of the cluster population. (abridged)
Log in to be able to interact and post comments
comments
Fetching comments
Sign in to be able to follow your search criteria
