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Register a new userMRPC3b mass production for CBM-TOF and eTOF at STAR
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The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) spectrometer aims to study strongly interacting matter under extreme conditions. The key element providing hadron identification at incident energies between 2 and 11 AGeV in heavy-ion collisions at the SIS100 accelerator is a Time-of-Flight (TOF) wall covering the polar angular range from $2.5^0$ --$25^0$ and full azimuth. CBM is expected to be operational in the year 2024 at the Facility for Anti-proton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt, Germany. The existing conceptual design foresees a 120 m^2 TOF-wall composed of Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC) which is subdivided into a high rate region, a middle rate region and a low rate region. The MRPC3b Multistrip-MRPCs, foreseen to be integrated in the low rate region, have to cope with charged particle fluxes up to 1 kHz/cm2 and therefore will be constructed with thin float glass (0.28 mm thickness) as resistive electrode material. In the scope of the FAIR phase 0 program it is planned to install about 36 % of the MRPC3b counters in the east endcap region of the STAR experiment at BNL as an upgrade for the Beam Energy Scan campaign (BESII) in 2019/2020.
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A high-performance time-of-flight (TOF) MRPC wall is being built for the CBM experiment at FAIR for charged hadron identification. The detector control system for the TOF system will be based on EPICS. All components like power supplies for low and high voltages, power distribution boxes, gas control and front-end electronics (FEE) are controlled and monitored. In a test, called mini-CBM, all these functionalities are implemented and tested. For monitoring the detector environment and the status of the front-end electronics, a slow control application is implemented based on IPbus, which is an FPGA-based slow control bus used for the TOF data acquisition system. In addition to the functions of control and monitoring, exception handling and data archiving services are implemented as well. This system has been fully verified in beam tests in 2019 at GSI.
Multi-gap RPC prototypes with readout on a multi-strip electrode were developed for the small polar angle region of the CBM-TOF subdetector, the most demanding zone in terms of granularity and counting rate. The prototypes are based on low resistivity ($sim$10$^{10}$ $Omega$cm) glass electrodes for performing in high counting rate environment. The strip width/pitch size was chosen such to fulfill the impedance matching with the front-end electronics and the granularity requirements of the innermost zone of the CBM-TOF wall. The in-beam tests using secondary particles produced in heavy ion collisions on a Pb target at SIS18 - GSI Darmstadt and SPS - CERN were focused on the performance of the prototype in conditions similar to the ones expected at SIS100/FAIR. An efficiency larger than 98% and a system time resolution in the order of 70~-~80~ps were obtained in high counting rate and high multiplicity environment.
A foil-microchannel plate (MCP) detector, which uses electrostatic lenses and possesses both good position and timing resolutions, has been designed and simulated for beam diagnostics and mass measurements at the next-generation heavy-ion-beam facility HIAF in China. Characterized by low energy loss and good performances of timing and position measurements, it would be located at focal planes in fragment separator HFRS for position monitoring, beam turning, B${rho}$ measurement, and trajectory reconstruction. Moreover, it will benefit the building-up of a magnetic-rigidity-energy-loss-time-of-flight (B${rho}$-$Delta$E-TOF) method at HFRS for high-precision in-flight particle identification (PID) of radioactive isotope (RI) beams on an event-by-event basis. Most importantly, the detector can be utilized for in-ring TOF and position measurements, beam-line TOF measurements at two achromatic foci, and position measurements at a dispersive focus of HFRS, thus making it possible to use two complementary mass measurement methods (isochronous mass spectrometry (IMS) at the storage ring SRing and magnetic-rigidity-time-of-flight (B${rho}$-TOF) at the beam-line HFRS) in one single experimental run.
Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs) with multi-strip readout are considered to be the optimal detector candidate for the Time-of-Flight (ToF) wall in the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment. In the R&D phase MRPCs with different granularities, low-resistive materials and high voltage stack configurations were developed and tested. Here, we focus on two prototypes called HD-P2 and THU-strip, both with strips of 27 cm$^2$ length and low-resistive glass electrodes. The HD-P2 prototype has a single-stack configuration with 8 gaps while the THU-strip prototype is constructed in a double-stack configuration with 2 $times$ 4 gaps. The performance results of these counters in terms of efficiency and time resolution carried out in a test beam time with heavy-ion beam at GSI in 2014 are presented in this proceeding.
In order to improve the particle identification capability of the Beijing Spectrometer III (BESIII),t is proposed to upgrade the current endcap time-of-flight (ETOF) detector with multi-gap resistive plate chamber (MRPC) technology. Aiming at extending ETOF overall time resolution better than 100ps, the whole system including MRPC detectors, new-designed Front End Electronics (FEE), CLOCK module, fast control boards and time to digital modules (TDIG), was built up and operated online 3 months under the cosmic ray. The main purposes of cosmic ray test are checking the detectors construction quality, testing the joint operation of all instruments and guaranteeing the performance of the system. The results imply MRPC time resolution better than 100$ps$, efficiency is about 98$%$ and the noise rate of strip is lower than 1$Hz/$($scm^{2}$) at normal threshold range, the details are discussed and analyzed specifically in this paper. The test indicates that the whole ETOF system would work well and satisfy the requirements of upgrade.
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