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Register a new userThe Construction of the mKdV Cyclic Symmetric $N$-soliton Solution by the B{a}cklund Transformation
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We study group theoretical structures of the mKdV equation. The Schwarzian type mKdV equation has the global M{o}bius group symmetry. The Miura transformation makes a connection between the mKdV equation and the KdV equation. We find the special local M{o}bius transformation on the mKdV one-soliton solution which can be regarded as the commutative KdV B{a}cklund transformation can generate the mKdV cyclic symmetric $N$-soliton solution. In this algebraic construction to obtain multi-soliton solutions, we could observe the addition formula.
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We study to unify soliton systems, KdV/mKdV/sinh-Gordon, through SO(2,1) $cong$ GL(2,$mathbb R$) $cong$ M{o}bius group point of view, which might be a keystone to exactly solve some special non-linear differential equations. If we construct the $N$-soliton solutions through the KdV type B{a}cklund transformation, we can transform different KdV/mKdV/sinh-Gordon equations and the B{a}cklund transformations of the standard form into the same common Hirota form and the same common B{a}cklund transformation except the equation which has the time-derivative term. The difference is only the time-dependence and the main structure of the $N$-soliton solutions has same common form for KdV/mKdV/sinh-Gordon systems. Then the $N$-soliton solutions for the sinh-Gordon equation is obtained just by the replacement from KdV/mKdV $N$-soliton solutions. We also give general addition formulae coming from the KdV type B{a}cklund transformation which plays not only an important role to construct the trigonometric/hyperbolic $N$-soliton solutions but also an essential role to construct the elliptic $N$-soliton solutions. In contrast to the KdV type B{a}cklund transformation, the well-known mKdV/sinh-Gordon type B{a}cklund transformation gives the non-cyclic symmetric $N$-soliton solutions. We give an explicit non-cyclic symmetric 3-soliton solution for KdV/mKdV/sinh-Gordon equations.
In this paper, a general bright-dark soliton solution in the form of Pfaffian is constructed for an integrable semi-discrete vector NLS equation via Hirotas bilinear method. One- and two-bright-dark soliton solutions are explicitly presented for two-component semi-discrete NLS equation; two-bright-one-dark, and one-bright-two-dark soliton solutions are also given explicitly for three-component semi-discrete NLS equation. The asymptotic behavior is analysed for two-soliton solutions.
In classical shallow water wave (SWW) theory, there exist two integrable one-dimensional SWW equation [Hirota-Satsuma (HS) type and Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur (AKNS) type] in the Boussinesq approximation. In this paper, we mainly focus on the integrable SWW equation of AKNS type. The nonlocal symmetry in form of square spectral function is derived starting from its Lax pair. Infinitely many nonlocal symmetries are presented by introducing the arbitrary spectrum parameter. These nonlocal symmetries can be localized and the SWW equation is extended to enlarged system with auxiliary dependent variables. Then Darboux transformation for the prolonged system is found by solving the initial value problem. Similarity reductions related to the nonlocal symmetry and explicit group invariant solutions are obtained. It is shown that the soliton-cnoidal wave interaction solution, which represents soliton lying on a cnoidal periodic wave background, can be obtained analytically. Interesting characteristics of the interaction solution between soliton and cnoidal periodic wave are displayed graphically.
In the present paper, we study the defocusing complex short pulse (CSP) equations both geometrically and algebraically. From the geometric point of view, we establish a link of the complex coupled dispersionless (CCD) system with the motion of space curves in Minkowski space $mathbf{R}^{2,1}$, then with the defocusing CSP equation via a hodograph (reciprocal) transformation, the Lax pair is constructed naturally for the defocusing CSP equation. We also show that the CCD system of both the focusing and defocusing types can be derived from the fundamental forms of surfaces such that their curve flows are formulated. In the second part of the paper, we derive the the defocusing CSP equation from the single-component extended KP hierarchy by the reduction method. As a by-product, the $N$-dark soliton solution for the defocusing CSP equation in the form of determinants for these equations is provided.
The soliton solutions of the Camassa-Holm equation are derived by the implementation of the dressing method. The form of the one and two soliton solutions coincides with the form obtained by other methods.
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