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Register a new userHeavy-quark dynamics in a hydrodynamically evolving medium
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In this talk we will discuss the recent advances in describing heavy-quark dynamics in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), which evolves hydrodynamically. Special emphasis is put on the collective flow of the heavy-quarks with the medium constituents, for which we present our latest results obtained within the MC@sHQ+EPOS2 model at $sqrt{s}=5$~TeV.
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The effects of longitudinal bulk viscous pressure on the heavy quark dynamics have been estimated in a strongly magnetized quark-gluon plasma within the Fokker-Planck approach. The bulk viscous modification to the momentum distribution of bulk degrees of freedom has been obtained in the presence of a magnetic field while incorporating the realistic equation of state of the hot magnetized QCD medium. As the magnetic field breaks the isotropy of the medium, the analysis is done along the directions longitudinal and transverse to the field. The longitudinal bulk viscous contribution is seen to have sizable effects in the heavy quark momentum diffusion in the magnetized medium. The dependence of higher Landau levels and the equation of state on the viscous correction to the heavy quark transport has been explored in the analysis.
In this paper we study the real-time evolution of heavy quarkonium in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) on the basis of the open quantum systems approach. In particular, we shed light on how quantum dissipation affects the dynamics of the relative motion of the quarkonium state over time. To this end we present a novel non-equilibrium master equation for the relative motion of quarkonium in a medium, starting from Lindblad operators derived systematically from quantum field theory. In order to implement the corresponding dynamics, we deploy the well established quantum state diffusion method. In turn we reveal how the full quantum evolution can be cast in the form of a stochastic non-linear Schrodinger equation. This for the first time provides a direct link from quantum chromodynamics (QCD) to phenomenological models based on non-linear Schrodinger equations. Proof of principle simulations in one-dimension show that dissipative effects indeed allow the relative motion of the constituent quarks in a quarkonium at rest to thermalize. Dissipation turns out to be relevant already at early times well within the QGP lifetime in relativistic heavy ion collisions.
We review the recent results of heavy meson diffusion in thermal hadronic matter. The interactions of D and B-bar mesons with other hadrons (light mesons and baryons) are extracted from effective field theories based on chiral and heavy-quark symmetries. When these guiding principles are combined with exact unitarity, physical values of the cross sections are obtained. These cross sections (which contain resonant contributions) are used to calculate the drag and diffusion coefficients of heavy mesons immersed in a thermal and dense medium. The transport coefficients are computed using a Fokker-Planck reduction of the Boltzmann equation.
Several transport models have been employed in recent years to analyze heavy-flavor meson spectra in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. Heavy-quark transport coefficients extracted from these models with their default parameters vary, however, by up to a factor of 5 at high momenta. To investigate the origin of this large theoretical uncertainty, a systematic comparison of heavy-quark transport coefficients is carried out between various transport models. Within a common scheme devised for the nuclear modification factor of charm quarks in a brick medium of a quark-gluon plasma, the systematic uncertainty of the extracted drag coefficient among these models is shown to be reduced to a factor of 2, which can be viewed as the smallest intrinsic systematical error band achievable at present time. This indicates the importance of a realistic hydrodynamic evolution constrained by bulk hadron spectra and of heavy-quark hadronization for understanding the final heavy-flavor hadron spectra and extracting heavy-quark drag coefficient. The transverse transport coefficient is less constrained due to the influence of the underlying mechanism for heavy-quark medium interaction. Additional constraints on transport models such as energy loss fluctuation and transverse-momentum broadening can further reduce theoretical uncertainties in the extracted transport coefficients.
We holographically study the effect of back reaction on the hydrodynamical properties of $mathcal{N} = 4$ strongly coupled super Yang-Mills (SYM) thermal plasma. The back reaction we consider arises from the presence of static heavy quarks uniformly distributed over $mathcal{N} = 4$ SYM plasma. In order to study the hydrodynamical properties, we use heavy quark as well as heavy quark-antiquark bound state as probes and compute the jet quenching parameter, screening length and binding energy. We also consider the rotational dynamics of heavy probe quark in the back-reacted plasma and analyse associated energy loss. We observe that the presence of back reaction enhances the energy-loss in the thermal plasma. Finally, we show that there is no effect of angular drag on the rotational motion of quark-antiquark bound state probing the back reacted thermal plasma.
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