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It is well-known that electromagnetic radiation propagates along a straight line, but this common sense was broken by the artificial curved light - Airy beam. In this paper, we demonstrate a new type of curved light beam besides Airy beam, so called photonic hook. This photonic hook is a curved high-intensity focus by a dielectric trapezoid particle illuminated by a plane wave. The difference of the phase velocity and the interference of the waves inside the particle cause the phenomenon of focus bending.
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During the last 2 years, it was shown that an electromagnetic beam configuration can be bent after propagation through an asymmetrically shaped (Janus) dielectric particle, which adds a new degree of simplicity for generation of a curved light beam. This effect is termed photonic hook (PH) and differs from Airy-family beams. PH features the smallest curvature radius of electromagnetic waves ever reported which is about 2 times smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. The nature of a photonic hook is a the dispersion of the phase velocity of the waves inside a trapezoid or composed particle, resulting in an interference afterwards.
Recently, two special photonic jets, photonic hooks and twin photonic jets, have been proposed to deal with complex conditions in nanoscale manipulation. Photonic hooks are generated by a single light plane wave and an asymmetric microparticle, while the twin photonic jets are produced by two incident light beams. In this letter, we presented and demonstrate a method to combine photonic hooks and twin photonic jets. A single light plane wave and a symmetric microparticle, twin-ellipse microcylinder, are used in this research. The curvature degree, length and maximum E2 filed enhancement of twin photonic hooks are varied significantly, with the change of refractive indices and shape of twin-ellipse microcylinder. And a liquid-immersed core-shell is built to achieve a flexible tunability.
The photonic hook, a beam that can propagate along a curved path, has attracted wide attention since its inception and experimental confirmation. In this paper, we propose a new type of structure, which was made by a hollow microcylinder and a Janus-shaped liquid column of two insoluble filling liquids, for producing photonic hook of easily tunable properties and long length. The E^2 field intensity distribution characteristics and formation mechanism of the photonic hook are studied by analyzing the energy flow using the finite element method. The profile and properties of the photonic hook can be effectively tuned by rotating the hollow microcylinder or changing the light incident angle. A long photonic hook with a decay length of ~18{lambda} and a photonic hook with a large focal distance ~8{lambda} are obtained by this model.
Seeing sharper or becoming invisible are visions strongly driving the development of THz metamaterials. Strings are a preferred architecture of metamaterials as they extend continuously along one dimension. Here, we demonstrate that laterally interconnecting strings by structural elements that are placed in oscillation nodes such as to not quench electromagnetic resonances enables manufacturing of self-supported free-standing all-metal metamaterials. Upright S-strings, interconnected by rods, form a space-grid which we call meta-foil. In this way, we introduce binding between the atoms of the metamaterial, thus doing away with conventional frozen-in solutions like matrix embedding or thin films on substrates. Meta-foils are locally stiff, yet globally flexible. Even bent to cylinders of 1 cm radius, they maintain their spectral response, thus becoming true metamaterials on curved surfaces. Exploiting UV/X-ray lithography and ultimately plastic moulding, meta-foils can be cost-effectively manufactured in large areas and quantities to serve as optical elements.
We analyse inhibition of emission in a 2.5D photonic structures made up a photonic crystal (PhC) and Bragg mirrors using FDTD simulations. A comparison is made between an isolated PhC membrane and the same PhC suspended onto a Bragg mirror or sandwiched between 2 Bragg mirrors. Strong inhibition of the Purcell factor is observed in a broad spectral range, whatever the in-plane orientation and location of the emitting dipole. We analysed these results numerically and theoretically by simulating the experimentally observed lifetime of a collection of randomly distributed emitters, showing that their average emission rate is decreased by more than one decade, both for coupled or isolated emitters.
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