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Register a new userLearning and Transferring IDs Representation in E-commerce
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Many machine intelligence techniques are developed in E-commerce and one of the most essential components is the representation of IDs, including user ID, item ID, product ID, store ID, brand ID, category ID etc. The classical encoding based methods (like one-hot encoding) are inefficient in that it suffers sparsity problems due to its high dimension, and it cannot reflect the relationships among IDs, either homogeneous or heterogeneous ones. In this paper, we propose an embedding based framework to learn and transfer the representation of IDs. As the implicit feedbacks of users, a tremendous amount of item ID sequences can be easily collected from the interactive sessions. By jointly using these informative sequences and the structural connections among IDs, all types of IDs can be embedded into one low-dimensional semantic space. Subsequently, the learned representations are utilized and transferred in four scenarios: (i) measuring the similarity between items, (ii) transferring from seen items to unseen items, (iii) transferring across different domains, (iv) transferring across different tasks. We deploy and evaluate the proposed approach in Hema App and the results validate its effectiveness.
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Personalized size and fit recommendations bear crucial significance for any fashion e-commerce platform. Predicting the correct fit drives customer satisfaction and benefits the business by reducing costs incurred due to size-related returns. Traditional collaborative filtering algorithms seek to model customer preferences based on their previous orders. A typical challenge for such methods stems from extreme sparsity of customer-article orders. To alleviate this problem, we propose a deep learning based content-collaborative methodology for personalized size and fit recommendation. Our proposed method can ingest arbitrary customer and article data and can model multiple individuals or intents behind a single account. The method optimizes a global set of parameters to learn population-level abstractions of size and fit relevant information from observed customer-article interactions. It further employs customer and article specific embedding variables to learn their properties. Together with learned entity embeddings, the method maps additional customer and article attributes into a latent space to derive personalized recommendations. Application of our method to two publicly available datasets demonstrate an improvement over the state-of-the-art published results. On two proprietary datasets, one containing fit feedback from fashion experts and the other involving customer purchases, we further outperform comparable methodologies, including a recent Bayesian approach for size recommendation.
In this paper we present an end-to-end framework for addressing the problem of dynamic pricing (DP) on E-commerce platform using methods based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL). By using four groups of different business data to represent the states of each time period, we model the dynamic pricing problem as a Markov Decision Process (MDP). Compared with the state-of-the-art DRL-based dynamic pricing algorithms, our approaches make the following three contributions. First, we extend the discrete set problem to the continuous price set. Second, instead of using revenue as the reward function directly, we define a new function named difference of revenue conversion rates (DRCR). Third, the cold-start problem of MDP is tackled by pre-training and evaluation using some carefully chosen historical sales data. Our approaches are evaluated by both offline evaluation method using real dataset of Alibaba Inc., and online field experiments starting from July 2018 with thousands of items, lasting for months on Tmall.com. To our knowledge, there is no other DP field experiment using DRL before. Field experiment results suggest that DRCR is a more appropriate reward function than revenue, which is widely used by current literature. Also, continuous price sets have better performance than discrete sets and our approaches significantly outperformed the manual pricing by operation experts.
In a large E-commerce platform, all the participants compete for impressions under the allocation mechanism of the platform. Existing methods mainly focus on the short-term return based on the current observations instead of the long-term return. In this paper, we formally establish the lifecycle model for products, by defining the introduction, growth, maturity and decline stages and their transitions throughout the whole life period. Based on such model, we further propose a reinforcement learning based mechanism design framework for impression allocation, which incorporates the first principal component based permutation and the novel experiences generation method, to maximize short-term as well as long-term return of the platform. With the power of trial-and-error, it is possible to optimize impression allocation strategies globally which is contribute to the healthy development of participants and the platform itself. We evaluate our algorithm on a simulated environment built based on one of the largest E-commerce platforms, and a significant improvement has been achieved in comparison with the baseline solutions.
In the past few years, deep reinforcement learning has been proven to solve problems which have complex states like video games or board games. The next step of intelligent agents would be able to generalize between tasks, and using prior experience to pick up new skills more quickly. However, most reinforcement learning algorithms for now are often suffering from catastrophic forgetting even when facing a very similar target task. Our approach enables the agents to generalize knowledge from a single source task, and boost the learning progress with a semisupervised learning method when facing a new task. We evaluate this approach on Atari games, which is a popular reinforcement learning benchmark, and show that it outperforms common baselines based on pre-training and fine-tuning.
Ensemble models in E-commerce combine predictions from multiple sub-models for ranking and revenue improvement. Industrial ensemble models are typically deep neural networks, following the supervised learning paradigm to infer conversion rate given inputs from sub-models. However, this process has the following two problems. Firstly, the point-wise scoring approach disregards the relationships between items and leads to homogeneous displayed results, while diversified display benefits user experience and revenue. Secondly, the learning paradigm focuses on the ranking metrics and does not directly optimize the revenue. In our work, we propose a new Learning-To-Ensemble (LTE) framework RAEGO, which replaces the ensemble model with a contextual Rank Aggregator (RA) and explores the best weights of sub-models by the Evaluator-Generator Optimization (EGO). To achieve the best online performance, we propose a new rank aggregation algorithm TournamentGreedy as a refinement of classic rank aggregators, which also produces the best average weighted Kendall Tau Distance (KTD) amongst all the considered algorithms with quadratic time complexity. Under the assumption that the best output list should be Pareto Optimal on the KTD metric for sub-models, we show that our RA algorithm has higher efficiency and coverage in exploring the optimal weights. Combined with the idea of Bayesian Optimization and gradient descent, we solve the online contextual Black-Box Optimization task that finds the optimal weights for sub-models given a chosen RA model. RA-EGO has been deployed in our online system and has improved the revenue significantly.
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