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Poisson-Delaunay Mosaics of Order $k$

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 Added by Anton Nikitenko
 Publication date 2017
  fields
and research's language is English




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The order-$k$ Voronoi tessellation of a locally finite set $X subseteq mathbb{R}^n$ decomposes $mathbb{R}^n$ into convex domains whose points have the same $k$ nearest neighbors in $X$. Assuming $X$ is a stationary Poisson point process, we give explicit formulas for the expected number and total area of faces of a given dimension per unit volume of space. We also develop a relaxed version of discrete Morse theory and generalize by counting only faces, for which the $k$ nearest points in $X$ are within a given distance threshold.



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Slicing a Voronoi tessellation in $mathbb{R}^n$ with a $k$-plane gives a $k$-dimensional weighted Voronoi tessellation, also known as power diagram or Laguerre tessellation. Mapping every simplex of the dual weighted Delaunay mosaic to the radius of the smallest empty circumscribed sphere whose center lies in the $k$-plane gives a generalized discrete Morse function. Assuming the Voronoi tessellation is generated by a Poisson point process in $mathbb{R}^n$, we study the expected number of simplices in the $k$-dimensional weighted Delaunay mosaic as well as the expected number of intervals of the Morse function, both as functions of a radius threshold. As a byproduct, we obtain a new proof for the expected number of connected components (clumps) in a line section of a circular Boolean model in $mathbb{R}^n$
Mapping every simplex in the Delaunay mosaic of a discrete point set to the radius of the smallest empty circumsphere gives a generalized discrete Morse function. Choosing the points from an n-dimensional Poisson point process, we study the expected number of simplices in the Delaunay mosaic as well as the expected number of critical simplices and non-singular intervals in the corresponding generalized discrete gradient. Observing connections with other probabilistic models, we obtain precise expressions for the expected numbers in low dimensions. In particular, we get the expected numbers of simplices in the Poisson-Delaunay mosaic in dimensions up to 4.
Using the geodesic distance on the $n$-dimensional sphere, we study the expected radius function of the Delaunay mosaic of a random set of points. Specifically, we consider the partition of the mosaic into intervals of the radius function and determine the expected number of intervals whose radii are less than or equal to a given threshold. Assuming the points are not contained in a hemisphere, the Delaunay mosaic is isomorphic to the boundary complex of the convex hull in $mathbb{R}^{n+1}$, so we also get the expected number of faces of a random inscribed polytope. We find that the expectations are essentially the same as for the Poisson-Delaunay mosaic in $n$-dimensional Euclidean space. As proved by Antonelli and collaborators, an orthant section of the $n$-sphere is isometric to the standard $n$-simplex equipped with the Fisher information metric. It follows that the latter space has similar stochastic properties as the $n$-dimensional Euclidean space. Our results are therefore relevant in information geometry and in population genetics.
We present a constructive proof of Alexandrovs theorem regarding the existence of a convex polytope with a given metric on the boundary. The polytope is obtained as a result of a certain deformation in the class of generalized convex polytopes with the given boundary. We study the space of generalized convex polytopes and discover a relation with the weighted Delaunay triangulations of polyhedral surfaces. The existence of the deformation follows from the non-degeneracy of the Hessian of the total scalar curvature of a positively curved generalized convex polytope. The latter is shown to be equal to the Hessian of the volume of the dual generalized polyhedron. We prove the non-degeneracy by generalizing the Alexandrov-Fenchel inequality. Our construction of a convex polytope from a given metric is implemented in a computer program.
We present a simple algorithm for computing higher-order Delaunay mosaics that works in Euclidean spaces of any finite dimensions. The algorithm selects the vertices of the order-$k$ mosaic from incrementally constructed lower-order mosaics and uses an algorithm for weighted first-order Delaunay mosaics as a black-box to construct the order-$k$ mosaic from its vertices. Beyond this black-box, the algorithm uses only combinatorial operations, thus facilitating easy implementation. We extend this algorithm to compute higher-order $alpha$-shapes and provide open-source implementations. We present experimental results for properties of higher-order Delaunay mosaics of random point sets.
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