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Gamma-sky.net is a novel interactive website designed for exploring the gamma-ray sky. The Map View portion of the site is powered by the Aladin Lite sky atlas, providing a scalable survey image tesselated onto a three-dimensional sphere. The map allows for interactive pan and zoom navigation as well as search queries by sky position or object name. The default image overlay shows the gamma-ray sky observed by the Fermi-LAT gamma-ray space telescope. Other survey images (e.g. Planck microwave images in low/high frequency bands, ROSAT X-ray image) are available for comparison with the gamma-ray data. Sources from major gamma-ray source catalogs of interest (Fermi-LAT 2FHL, 3FGL and a TeV source catalog) are overlaid over the sky map as markers. Clicking on a given source shows basic information in a popup, and detailed pages for every source are available via the Catalog View component of the website, including information such as source classification, spectrum and light-curve plots, and literature references. We intend for gamma-sky.net to be applicable for both professional astronomers as well as the general public. The website started in early June 2016 and is being developed as an open-source, open data project on GitHub (https://github.com/gammapy/gamma-sky). We plan to extend it to display more gamma-ray and multi-wavelength data. Feedback and contributions are very welcome!
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The MAGIC telescopes are one of the three major IACTs (Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes) for observation of gamma rays in the TeV regime currently operative. MAGIC functions since 2003, and has published data from more than 60 sources, mostly blazars. MAGIC already provides astronomical texttt{.fits} files with basic final scientific products such as spectral energy distributions, light curves and skymaps from published results. In future, the format of the files can be complemented with further relevant information to the community: a) by including the full multi-wavelength dataset enclosed in a publication, b) providing data in alternative easy-to-use formats such as ASCII or ECSV, which are accessible with other commonly used packages such as texttt{astropy} or texttt{gammapy}. Finally, besides high level products, activities have started to provide photon event lists and instrument response functions in a format such that scientists within and outside the community are allowed to perform higher level analysis. A second aim is to provide a full legacy of MAGIC data. This contribution will illustrate the achievements and plans of this activity.
The detection of gravitational waves and neutrinos from astrophysical sources with gamma-ray counterparts officially started the era of Multi-Messenger Astronomy. Their transient and extreme nature implies that monitoring the VHE sky is fundamental to investigate the non-electromagnetic signals. However, the limited effective area of space-borne instruments prevents observations above a few hundred GeV, while the small field of view and low duty cycle of IACTs make them unsuited for extensive monitoring activities and prompt response to transients. Extensive Air Shower arrays (EAS) can provide a large field of view, a wide effective area and a very high duty cycle. Their main difficulty is the distinction between gamma-ray and cosmic-ray initiated air showers, especially below the TeV range. Here we present some case studies stressing the importance that a new EAS array in the Southern Hemisphere will be able to survey the sky from below 100 GeV up to several TeV. In the energy domain between 100 and 400 GeV we expect the strongest electromagnetic signatures of the acceleration of ultra-relativistic particles in sources like SNRs, blazar jets and gamma-ray bursts, as recently proved by IACT observations. This spectral window is also crucial to understand the Universe opacity to high energy radiation, thus providing constraints on the cosmological parameters. We will discuss the implications of VHE radiation on the mechanisms at work and we will focus on the advantages resulting from the ability to monitor the energy window lying between the domain of space-borne detectors and ground-based facilities.
The future space-based GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope will operate onboard the Russian astrophysical observatory in a highly elliptic orbit during 7 years to observe Galactic plane, Galactic Center, Fermi Bubbles, Crab, Vela, Cygnus X, Geminga, Sun, and other regions and measure gamma- and cosmic-ray fluxes. Observations will be performed in the point-source mode continuously for a long time (~100 days). GAMMA-400 will have the unprecedented angular and energy resolutions better than the space-based and ground-based gamma-ray telescopes by a factor of 5-10. Excellent separation of gamma rays from cosmic-ray background, as well as electrons + positrons from protons will allow us to measure gamma rays in the energy range from ~20 MeV to several TeV and cosmic-ray electrons + positrons up to several tens TeV. GAMMA-400 observations will permit to resolve gamma rays from annihilation or decay of dark matter particles, identify many discrete sources, clarify the structure of extended sources, specify the data on cosmic-ray electron + positron spectra.
The GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope with excellent angular and energy resolutions is designed to search for signatures of dark matter in the fluxes of gamma-ray emission and electrons + positrons. Precision investigations of gamma-ray emission from Galactic Center, Crab, Vela, Cygnus, Geminga, and other regions will be performed, as well as diffuse gamma-ray emission, along with measurements of high-energy electron + positron and nuclei fluxes. Furthermore, it will study gamma-ray bursts and gamma-ray emission from the Sun during periods of solar activity. The energy range of GAMMA-400 is expected to be from ~20 MeV up to TeV energies for gamma rays, up to 20 TeV for electrons + positrons, and up to 10E15 eV for cosmic-ray nuclei. For high-energy gamma rays with energy from 10 to 100 GeV, the GAMMA-400 angular resolution improves from 0.1{deg} to ~0.01{deg} and energy resolution from 3% to ~1%; the proton rejection factor is ~5x10E5. GAMMA-400 will be installed onboard the Russian space observatory.
The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory is a ground-based TeV gamma-ray observatory in the state of Puebla, Mexico at an altitude of 4100 m. Its 22,000 m$^2$ instrumented area, wide field of view ($sim$2 sr), and >95% uptime make it an ideal instrument for discovering gamma-ray burst (GRB) emission at $sim$100 GeV. Such a discovery would provide key information about the origins of prompt GRB emission as well as constraints on extra-galactic background light (EBL) models and the violation of Lorentz invariance. We will present prospects for discovering GRB emission at $sim$100 GeV with a simple, all-sky search algorithm using HAWC data that is most sensitive to short GRBs. The search algorithm presented here can also be used to detect other short transients with timescales and fluxes similar to short GRBs.
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