No Arabic abstract
In this work, we investigate the possibility of compressing a quantum system to one of smaller dimension in a way that preserves the measurement statistics of a given set of observables. In this process, we allow for an arbitrary amount of classical side information. We find that the latter can be bounded, which implies that the minimal compression dimension is stable in the sense that it cannot be decreased by allowing for small errors. Various bounds on the minimal compression dimension are proven and an SDP-based algorithm for its computation is provided. The results are based on two independent approaches: an operator algebraic method using a fixed point result by Arveson and an algebro-geometric method that relies on irreducible polynomials and Bezouts theorem. The latter approach allows lifting the results from the single copy level to the case of multiple copies and from completely positive to merely positive maps.
The property of superadditivity of the quantum relative entropy states that, in a bipartite system $mathcal{H}_{AB}=mathcal{H}_A otimes mathcal{H}_B$, for every density operator $rho_{AB}$ one has $ D( rho_{AB} || sigma_A otimes sigma_B ) ge D( rho_A || sigma_A ) +D( rho_B || sigma_B) $. In this work, we provide an extension of this inequality for arbitrary density operators $ sigma_{AB} $. More specifically, we prove that $ alpha (sigma_{AB})cdot D({rho_{AB}}||{sigma_{AB}}) ge D({rho_A}||{sigma_A})+D({rho_B}||{sigma_B})$ holds for all bipartite states $rho_{AB}$ and $sigma_{AB}$, where $alpha(sigma_{AB})= 1+2 || sigma_A^{-1/2} otimes sigma_B^{-1/2} , sigma_{AB} , sigma_A^{-1/2} otimes sigma_B^{-1/2} - mathbb{1}_{AB} ||_infty$.
The linear superposition principle in quantum mechanics is essential for several no-go theorems such as the no-cloning theorem, the no-deleting theorem and the no-superposing theorem. It remains an open problem of finding general forbidden principles to unify these results. In this paper, we investigate general quantum transformations forbidden or permitted by the superposition principle for various goals. First, we prove a no-encoding theorem that forbids linearly superposing of an unknown pure state and a fixed state in Hilbert space of finite dimension. Two general forms include the no-cloning theorem, the no-deleting theorem, and the no-superposing theorem as special cases. Second, we provide a unified scheme for presenting perfect and imperfect quantum tasks (cloning and deleting) in a one-shot manner. This scheme may yield to fruitful results that are completely characterized with the linear independence of the input pure states. The generalized upper bounds for the success probability will be proved. Third, we generalize a recent superposing of unknown states with fixed overlaps when multiple copies of the input states are available.
We define a new divergence of von Neumann algebras using a variational expression that is similar in nature to Kosakis formula for the relative entropy. Our divergence satisfies the usual desirable properties, upper bounds the sandwiched Renyi entropy and reduces to the fidelity in a limit. As an illustration, we use the formula in quantum field theory to compute our divergence between the vacuum in a bipartite system and an orbifolded -- in the sense of conditional expectation -- system in terms of the Jones index. We take the opportunity to point out entropic certainty relation for arbitrary von Neumann subalgebras of a factor related to the relative entropy. This certainty relation has an equivalent formulation in terms of error correcting codes.
We provide lower and upper bounds on the information transmission capacity of one single use of a classical-quantum channel. The lower bound is expressed in terms of the Hoeffding capacity, that we define similarly to the Holevo capacity, but replacing the relative entropy with the Hoeffding distance. Similarly, our upper bound is in terms of a quantity obtained by replacing the relative entropy with the recently introduced max-relative entropy in the definition of the divergence radius of a channel.
Incompatibility of quantum measurements is of fundamental importance in quantum mechanics. It is closely related to many nonclassical phenomena such as Bell nonlocality, quantum uncertainty relations, and quantum steering. We study the necessary and sufficient conditions of quantum compatibility for a given collection of $n$ measurements in $d$-dimensional space. From the compatibility criterion for two-qubit measurements, we compute the incompatibility probability of a pair of independent random measurements. For a pair of unbiased random qubit measurements, we derive that the incompatibility probability is exactly $frac35$. Detailed results are also presented in figures for pairs of general qubit measurements.