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Register a new userMeasurement of the single $pi^0$ production rate in neutral current neutrino interactions on water
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The single $pi^0$ production rate in neutral current neutrino interactions on water in a neutrino beam with a peak neutrino energy of 0.6 GeV has been measured using the P{O}D, one of the subdetectors of the T2K near detector. The production rate was measured for data taking periods when the P{O}D contained water ($2.64times{}10^{20}$ protons-on-target) and also periods without water ($3.49 times 10^{20}$ protons-on-target). A measurement of the neutral current single $pi^0$ production rate on water is made using appropriate subtraction of the production rate with water in from the rate with water out of the target region. The subtraction analysis yields 106 $pm$ 41 (stat.) $pm$ 69 (sys.) signal events, which is consistent with the prediction of 157 events from the nominal simulation. The measured to expected ratio is 0.68 $pm$ 0.26 (stat.) $pm$ 0.44 (sys.) $pm$ 0.12 (flux). The nominal simulation uses a flux integrated cross section of $7.63times{}10^{-39}$ cm${}^2$ per nucleon with an average neutrino interaction energy of 1.3 GeV.
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Forward single $pi^0$ production by coherent neutral-current interactions, $ u mathcal{A} to u mathcal{A} pi^0$, is investigated using a 2.8$times 10^{20}$ protons-on-target exposure of the MINOS Near Detector. For single-shower topologies, the event distribution in production angle exhibits a clear excess above the estimated background at very forward angles for visible energy in the range~1-8 GeV. Cross sections are obtained for the detector medium comprised of 80% iron and 20% carbon nuclei with $langle mathcal{A} rangle = 48$, the highest-$langle mathcal{A} rangle$ target used to date in the study of this coherent reaction. The total cross section for coherent neutral-current single-$pi^0$ production initiated by the $ u_mu$ flux of the NuMI low-energy beam with mean (mode) $E_{ u}$ of 4.9 GeV (3.0 GeV), is $77.6pm5.0,(text{stat}) ^{+15.0}_{-16.8},(text{syst})times10^{-40},text{cm}^2~text{per nucleus}$. The results are in good agreement with predictions of the Berger-Sehgal model.
The cross section of neutrino-induced neutral-current coherent $pi^0$ production on a carbon-dominated target is measured in the NOvA near detector. This measurement uses a narrow-band neutrino beam with an average neutrino energy of 2.7,GeV, which is of interest to ongoing and future long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments. The measured, flux-averaged cross section is $sigma = 13.8pm0.9 (text{stat})pm2.3 (text{syst}) times 10^{-40},text{cm}^2/text{nucleus}$, consistent with model prediction. This result is the most precise measurement of neutral-current coherent $pi^0$ production in the few-GeV neutrino energy region.
This paper presents a measurement of the charged current interaction rate of the electron neutrino beam component of the beam above $1.5$~GeV using the large fiducial mass of the T2K $pi^0$ detector. The predominant poriton of the $ u_e$ flux ($sim$85 %) at these energies comes from kaon decays. The measured ratio of the observed beam interaction rate to the predicted rate in the detector with water targets filled is 0.89 $pm$ 0.08 (stat.) $pm$ 0.11 (sys.), and with the water targets emptied is 0.90 $pm$ 0.09 (stat.) $pm$ 0.13 (sys.). The ratio obtained for the interactions on water only from an event subtraction method is 0.87 $pm$ 0.33 (stat.) $pm$ 0.21 (sys.). This is the first measurement of the interaction rate of electron neutrinos on water, which is particularly of interest to experiments with water Cherenkov detectors.
The nuclear emulsion target of the CHORUS detector was exposed to the wide-band neutrino beam of the CERN SPS of 27 GeV average neutrino energy from 1994 to 1997. In total about 100000 charged-current neutrino interactions with at least one identified muon were located in the emulsion target and fully reconstructed, using newly developed automated scanning systems. Charmed particles were searched for by a program recognizing particle decays. The observation of the decay in nuclear emulsion makes it possible to select a sample with very low background and minimal kinematical bias. 2013 charged-current interactions with a charmed hadron candidate in the final state were selected and confirmed through visual inspection. The charm production rate induced by neutrinos relative to the charged-current cross-section is measured to be sigma(nu_mu N -> mu- C X)/sigma(CC) = (5.75 +-0.32 stat +-0.30 syst)%. The charm production cross-section as a function of the neutrino energy is also obtained. The results are in good agreement with previous measurements. The charm-quark hadronization produces the following charmed hadrons with relative fractions (in %): f_Dzero = 43.7+-4.5, f_Lambda_c^plus = 19.2+-4.2, f_Dplus = 25.3+-4.2, and f_D_splus = 11.8+-4.7.
The MINERvA experiment observes an excess of events containing electromagnetic showers relative to the expectation from Monte Carlo simulations in neutral-current neutrino interactions with mean beam energy of 4.5 GeV on a hydrocarbon target. The excess is characterized and found to be consistent with neutral-current neutral pion production with a broad energy distribution peaking at 7 GeV and a total cross section of 0.26 +- 0.02 (stat) +- 0.08 (sys) x 10^{-39} cm^{2}. The angular distribution, electromagnetic shower energy, and spatial distribution of the energy depositions of the excess are consistent with expectations from neutrino neutral-current diffractive neutral pion production from hydrogen in the hydrocarbon target. These data comprise the first direct experimental observation and constraint for a reaction that poses an important background process in neutrino oscillation experiments searching for muon neutrino to electron neutrino oscillations.
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