No Arabic abstract
State-of-the-art multi-reference energy density functional calculations require the computation of norm overlaps between different Bogoliubov quasiparticle many-body states. It is only recently that the efficient and unambiguous calculation of such norm kernels has become available under the form of Pfaffians~[L. M. Robledo, Phys. Rev. C79, 021302 (2009)]. The goals of this work is (i) to propose and implement an alternative to the Pfaffian method to compute unambiguously the norm overlap between arbitrary Bogoliubov quasiparticle states and (ii) to extend the first point to explicitly correlated norm kernels at play in recently developped particle-number-restored Bogoliubov coupled-cluster (PNR-BCC) and particle-number-restored many-body perturbation (PNR-BMBPT) ab initio theories~[T. Duguet and A. Signoracci, J. Phys. G44, 015103 (2017)]. Point (i) constitutes the purpose of the present paper while point (ii) is addressed in a forthcoming companion paper. We generalize the method used in~[T. Duguet and A. Signoracci, J. Phys. G44, 015103 (2017)] to obtain the norm overlap between arbitrary Bogoliubov product states under a closed-form expression. The formula is physically intuitive, accurate, versatile and relies on elementary linear algebra operations. It equally applies to norm overlaps between Bogoliubov states of even or odd number parity. Numerical applications illustrate these features and provide a transparent representation of the content of the norm overlaps. Furthermore, the closed-form expression extends naturally to correlated overlaps at play in PNR-BCC and PNR-BMBPT. As such, the straight overlap between Bogoliubov states is the zeroth-order reduction of more involved norm kernels to be studied in the forthcoming paper.
Overlap between Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov(HFB) vacua is very important in the beyond mean-field calculations. However, in the HFB transformation, the $U,V$ matrices are sometimes singular due to the exact emptiness ($v_i=0$) or full occupation ($u_i=0$) of some single-particle orbits. This singularity may cause some problem in evaluating the overlap between HFB vacua through Pfaffian. We found that this problem can be well avoided by setting those zero occupation numbers to some tiny values (e.g., $u_i,v_i=10^{-8}$). This treatment does not change the HFB vacuum state because $u_i^2,v_i^2=10^{-16}$ are numerically zero relative to 1. Therefore, for arbitrary HFB transformation, we say that the $U,V$ matrices can always be nonsingular. From this standpoint, we present a new convenient Pfaffian formula for the overlap between arbitrary HFB vacua, which is especially suitable for symmetry restoration. Testing calculations have been performed for this new formula. It turns out that our method is reliable and accurate in evaluating the overlap between arbitrary HFB vacua.
We present new formulae for the matrix elements of one-body and two-body physical operators in compact forms, which are applicable to arbitrary Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov wave functions, including those for multi-quasiparticle excitations. The test calculations show that our formulae may substantially accelerate the process of symmetry restoration when applied to the heavy nuclear system.
There are efficient many-body methods, such as the (symmetry-restored) generator coordinate method in nuclear physics, that formulate the A-body Schrodinger equation within a set of nonorthogonal many-body states. Solving the corresponding secular equation requires the evaluation of the norm matrix and thus the capacity to compute its entries consistently and without any phase ambiguity. This is not always a trivial task, e.g. it remained a long-standing problem for methods based on general Bogoliubov product states. While a solution to this problem was found recently in Ref. [L. M. Robledo, Phys. Rev. C79, 021302 (2009)], the present work introduces an alternative method that can be generically applied to other classes of states of interest in many-body physics. The method is presently exemplified in the case of Bogoliubov states and numerically illustrated on the basis of a toy model.
We consider the overlap of Bethe vectors of the XXX spin chain with a diagonal twist and the modified Bethe vectors with a general twist. We find a determinant representation for this overlap under one additional condition on the twist parameters. Such objects arise in the calculations of nonequilibrium physics.
Recent ab initio lattice studies have found that the interactions between alpha particles (4He nuclei) are sensitive to seemingly minor details of the nucleon-nucleon force such as interaction locality. In order to uncover the essential physics of this puzzling phenomenon without unnecessary complications, we study a simple model involving two-component fermions in one spatial dimension. We probe the interaction between two bound dimers for several different particle-particle interactions and measure an effective potential between the dimers using external point potentials which act as numerical tweezers. We find that the strength and range of the local part of the particle-particle interactions play a dominant role in shaping the interactions between the dimers and can even determine the overall sign of the effective potential.