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Register a new userEUSO-TA fluorescence detector
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Authors
Francesca Bisconti
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EUSO-TA is a pathfinder experiment for the space based JEM-EUSO mission for the detection of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. EUSO-TA is an high-resolution fluorescence telescope installed in front of the Black Rock Mesa fluorescence detectors of the Telescope Array (TA) experiment, in Utah (USA). At the TA site, a Central Laser Facility is installed for calibration purposes, since it emits laser beams with known energy and geometry. EUSO-TA consists of two 1 $mbox{m}^2$ Fresnel lenses, with a field of view of 10.5{deg} that focus the light on a Photo Detector Module (PDM). The PDM currently consists of 36 Hamamatsu Multi-Anode Photo-Multipliers Tubes (MAPMTs) with 64 channels each. Front-end readout is performed by 36 ASICS, with two FPGA boards that send the data to a CPU and a storage system. The detector was installed in February 2015. Tests using the mentioned light sources have been performed and observations of cosmic ray events, as well as those of stars with different magnitude and color index have been done. The data acquisition is triggered by TA fluorescence detectors, although a self-trigger algorithm is currently in the last phases of development and test. With TA, thanks to its large field of view and the surface detectors, the cosmic ray shower events are reconstructed and the parameters are used to perform simulations of the response of EUSO-TA detector using EUSO-Offline. Simulations of the detected events are compared with data and the results are shown in this work.
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EUSO-TA is a ground-based florescence detector built to validate the design of an ultra-high energy cosmic ray fluorescence detector to be operated in space. EUSO-TA detected the first air shower events with the technology developed within the JEM-EUSO program. It operates at the Telescope Array (TA) site in Utah, USA. With the external trigger provided by the Black Rock Mesa fluorescence detectors of Telescope Array (TA-FDs), EUSO-TA observed nine ultra-high energy cosmic ray events and several laser events from the Central Laser Facility of Telescope Array and portable lasers like the JEM-EUSO Global Light System prototype. The reconstruction parameters of the cosmic ray events which crossed the EUSO-TA field of view (both detected and not detected by EUSO-TA), were provided by the Telescope Array Collaboration. As the TA-FDs have a wider field of view than EUSO-TA ($sim$30 times larger), they allow the cosmic ray energy reconstruction based on the observation of most of the extensive air-shower profiles, including the shower maximum, while EUSO-TA only observes a portion of the showers, usually far from the maximum. For this reason, the energy of the cosmic rays corresponding to the EUSO-TA signals appear lower than the actual ones. In this contribution, the analysis of the cosmic-ray events detected with EUSO-TA is discussed.
The TurLab facility is a laboratory, equipped with a 5 m diameter and 1 m depth rotating tank, located in the Physics Department of the University of Turin. The tank has been built mainly to study problems where system rotation plays a key role in the fluid behaviour such as in atmospheric and oceanic flows at different scales. The tank can be filled with different fluids of variable density, which enables studies in layered conditions such as sea waves. The tank can be also used to simulate the terrestrial surface with the optical characteristics of different environments such as snow, grass, ocean, land with soil, stones etc., fogs and clouds. As it is located in an extremely dark place, the light intensity can be controlled artificially. Such capabilities of the TurLab facility are applied to perform experiments related to the observation of Extreme Energy Cosmic Rays (EECRs) from space using the fluorescence technique, as in the case of the JEM-EUSO mission, where the diffuse night brightness and artificial light sources can vary significantly in time and space inside the Field of View (FoV) of the telescope. Here we will report the currently ongoing activity at the TurLab facility in the framework of the JEM-EUSO mission (EUSO@TurLab).
Contributions of the JEM-EUSO Collaboration to the 32nd International Cosmic Ray Conference, Beijing, August, 2011.
This document contains a summary of the workshop which took place on 22 - 24 February 2012 at the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics in the University of Chicago. The goal of the workshop was to discuss the physics reach of the JEM-EUSO mission and how best to implement a global ground based calibration system for the instrument to realize the physics goal of unveiling the origin of the highest energy cosmic rays.
The JEM-EUSO mission aims to explore the origin of the extreme energy cosmic rays (EECRs) through the observation of air-shower fluorescence light from space. The superwide-field telescope looks down from the International Space Station onto the night sky to detect UV photons (fluorescence and Cherenkov photons) emitted from air showers. Such a space detector offers the remarkable opportunity to observe a huge volume of atmosphere at once and will achieve an unprecedented statistics within a few years of operation. Several test experiments are currently in operation: e.g., one to observe the fluorescence background from the edge of the Atmosphere (EUSO-Balloon), or another to demonstrate on ground the capability of detecting air showers with a EUSO-type telescope (EUSO-TA). In this contribution a short review on the scientific objectives of the mission and an update of the instrument definition, performances and status, as well as status of the test experiments will be given.
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