No Arabic abstract
Given a positive lower semi-continuous density $f$ on $mathbb{R}^2$ the weighted volume $V_f:=fmathscr{L}^2$ is defined on the $mathscr{L}^2$-measurable sets in $mathbb{R}^2$. The $f$-weighted perimeter of a set of finite perimeter $E$ in $mathbb{R}^2$ is written $P_f(E)$. We study minimisers for the weighted isoperimetric problem [ I_f(v):=infBig{ P_f(E):Etext{ is a set of finite perimeter in }mathbb{R}^2text{ and }V_f(E)=vBig} ] for $v>0$. Suppose $f$ takes the form $f:mathbb{R}^2rightarrow(0,+infty);xmapsto e^{h(|x|)}$ where $h:[0,+infty)rightarrowmathbb{R}$ is a non-decreasing convex function. Let $v>0$ and $B$ a centred ball in $mathbb{R}^2$ with $V_f(B)=v$. We show that $B$ is a minimiser for the above variational problem and obtain a uniqueness result.
We show that for any positive integer k, the k-th nonzero eigenvalue of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on the two-dimensional sphere endowed with a Riemannian metric of unit area, is maximized in the limit by a sequence of metrics converging to a union of k touching identical round spheres. This proves a conjecture posed by the second author in 2002 and yields a sharp isoperimetric inequality for all nonzero eigenvalues of the Laplacian on a sphere. Earlier, the result was known only for k=1 (J. Hersch, 1970), k=2 (N. Nadirashvili, 2002; R. Petrides, 2014) and k=3 (N. Nadirashvili and Y. Sire, 2017). In particular, we argue that for any k>=2, the supremum of the k-th nonzero eigenvalue on a sphere of unit area is not attained in the class of Riemannian metrics which are smooth outsitde a finite set of conical singularities. The proof uses certain properties of harmonic maps between spheres, the key new ingredient being a bound on the harmonic degree of a harmonic map into a sphere obtained by N. Ejiri.
We prove a counterpart of the log-convex density conjecture in the hyperbolic plane.
In this paper we study the quantitative isoperimetric inequality in the plane. We prove the existence of a set $Omega$, different from a ball, which minimizes the ratio $delta(Omega)/lambda^2(Omega)$, where $delta$ is the isoperimetric deficit and $lambda$ the Fraenkel asymmetry, giving a new proof ofthe quantitative isoperimetric inequality. Some new properties of the optimal set are also shown.
We consider the punctured plane with volume density $|x|^alpha$ and perimeter density $|x|^beta$. We show that centred balls are uniquely isoperimetric for indices $(alpha,beta)$ which satisfy the conditions $alpha-beta+1>0$, $alphaleq 2beta$ and $alpha(beta+1)leqbeta^2$ except in the case $alpha=beta=0$ which corresponds to the classical isoperimetric inequality.
In this work the Isoperimetric Inequality for integral varifolds is used to obtain sharp estimates for the size of the set where the density quotient is small and to generalise Calderons and Zygmunds theory of first order differentiability for functions in Lebesgue spaces from Lebesgue measure to integral varifolds.