Many new states in the charmonium mass region were recently discovered by BaBar, Belle, CLEO-c, CDF, D0, BESIII, LHCb and CMS Collaborations. We use the QCD Sum Rule approach to study the possible structure of some of these states.
In the past decade, due to the experimental observation of many charmonium-like states, there has been a revival of hadron spectroscopy. In particular, the experimental observation of charged charmonium-like, $Z_c$ states, and bottomonium-like, $Z_b$ states, represents a challenge since they can not be accommodated within the naive quark model. These charged states are good candidates of either tetraquark or molecular states and their observation motivated a vigorous theoretical activity. This is a rapidly evolving field with enormous amount of new experimental information. In this work, we review the current experimental progress and investigate various theoretical interpretations of these candidates of the multiquark states. The present review is written from the perspective of the QCD sum rules approach, where we present the main steps of concrete calculations and compare the results with other approaches and with experimental data.
We report on some ideas concerning the nature of the X(3872) resonance and the need for approximately equal charged and neutral components of $D bar{D}^* +cc$. Then we discuss how some hidden charm states are obtained from the interaction between vector mesons with charm and can be associated to some of the charmonium-like X,Y,Z states. Finally we discuss how the nature of these states could be investigated through different types of radiative decay.
In the past decade, exotic hadrons with charm and bottom flavors have been extensively studied both in experiments and in theories. In this review, we provide topical discussions by selecting $X,Y,Z$ particles, to which Belle has made important contributions. These are $X(3872)$, $Y(4260)$, $Z_c(4430)^+$, $Z_c(3900)^+$, $Z_{b}(10610)^+$ and $Z_{b}(10650)^+$. Based on the current experimental observations, we discuss those states with emphasis on hadronic molecule whose dynamics is governed by chiral symmetry and heavy-quark symmetry of QCD. We also mention briefly various interpretations and some theoretical predictions for the yet undiscovered exotic hadrons.
Charm and charmonium physics have gained renewed interest in the past decade. Recent spectroscopic observations strongly motivate these studies. Among the several possible reactions, measurements in proton-antiproton annihilation play an important role, complementary to the studies performed at B-factories. The fixed target PANDA experiment at FAIR (Darmstadt, Germany) will investigate fundamental questions of hadron and nuclear physics in the interactions of antiprotons with nucleons and nuclei. With reaction rates as large as 2*10^7 interactions/s, and a mass resolution 20 times better as compared with the most recent B-factories, PANDA is in a privileged position to successfully perform the measurement of the width of narrow states, such as the X(3872). PANDA will investigate also high spin particles, whose observation was forbidden at B-factories, i.e. F-wave charmonium states. In this report extrapolations on cross sections and rates with PANDA are given.
Search for exotics has increased importance since the observation of the X(3872), 13 years ago, announced by the Belle Collaboration. The observation of pentaquark states by LHCb, and the Z-charged states observed at Belle and BES III have raised even more the attention to the field. Presently several states are observed that do not fit potential models, and looking for them in different production mechanisms and search for their decay modes it is important, as well as to do precise measurement of their mass, width, lineshape. We shortly report in this note about the plan in searching for exotics at Belle II at KEK (Tsukuba, Japan), that just ended the Phase-II running period, and show the first re-discovery results using 5 pb$^{-1}$ integrated luminosity.