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Register a new userSteady-state superradiance with Rydberg polaritons
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A steady-state superradiant laser can be used to generate ultranarrow-linewidth light, and thus has important applications in the fields of quantum information and precision metrology. However, the light produced by such a laser is still essentially classical. Here, we show that the introduction of a Rydberg medium into a cavity containing atoms with a narrow optical transition can lead to the steady-state superradiant emission of ultranarrow-linewidth $nonclassical$ light. The cavity nonlinearity induced by the Rydberg medium strongly modifies the superradiance threshold, and leads to a Mollow triplet in the cavity output spectrum$-$this behavior can be understood as an unusual analogue of resonance fluorescence. The cavity output spectrum has an extremely sharp central peak, with a linewidth that can be far narrower than that of a classical superradiant laser. This unprecedented spectral sharpness, together with the nonclassical nature of the light, could lead to new applications in which spectrally pure $quantum$ light is desired.
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Earth-alkaline-like atoms with ultra-narrow transitions open the door to a new regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics. That regime is characterized by a critical photon number that is many orders of magnitude smaller than what can be achieved in conventional systems. We show that it is possible to achieve superradiance in steady state with such systems. We discuss the basic underlying mechanisms as well as the key experimental requirements
Alkaline-earth like atoms with ultra-narrow optical transitions enable superradiance in steady state. The emitted light promises to have an unprecedented stability with a linewidth as narrow as a few millihertz. In order to evaluate the potential usefulness of this light source as an ultrastable oscillator in clock and precision metrology applications it is crucial to understand the noise properties of this device. In this paper we present a detailed analysis of the intensity fluctuations by means of Monte-Carlo simulations and semi-classical approximations. We find that the light exhibits bunching below threshold, is to a good approximation coherent in the superradiant regime, and is chaotic above the second threshold.
Lasing and steady state superradiance are two phenomena that may appear at first glance to be distinct. In a laser, phase information is maintained by a macroscopic intracavity light field, and the robustness of this phase is what leads to the coherence of the output light. In contrast, the coherence of steady-state superradiant systems derives from the macroscopic collective dipole of a many-atom ensemble. In this paper, we develop a quantum theory that connects smoothly between these two extreme limits. We show that lasing and steady-state superradiance should be thought of as the two extreme limits of a continuous crossover. The properties of systems that lie in the superradiance, lasing, and crossover parameter regions are compared. We find that for a given output intensity a narrower linewidth can be obtained by operating closer to the superradiance side of the crossover. We also find that the collective phase is robust against cavity frequency fluctuations in the superradiant regime and against atomic level fluctuations in the lasing regime.
The Knill-Laflamme-Milburn (KLM) states have been proved to be a useful resource for quantum information processing [Nature 409, 46 (2001)]. For atomic KLM states, several schemes have been put forward based on the time-dependent unitary dynamics, but the dissipative generation of these states has not been reported. This work discusses the possibility for creating different forms of bipartite KLM states in neutral atom system, where the spontaneous emission of excited Rydberg states, combined with the Rydberg antiblockade mechanism, is actively exploited to engineer a steady KLM state from an arbitrary initial state. The numerical simulation of the master equation signifies that a fidelity above 99% is available with the current experimental parameters.
We demonstrate a multiphoton Rydberg dark resonance where a Lambda-system is coupled to a Rydberg state. This N-type level scheme combines the ability to slow and store light pulses associated with long lived ground state superpositions, with the strongly interacting character of Rydberg states. For the nd_{5/2} Rydberg state in 87Rb (with n=26 or 44) and a beam size of 1 mm we observe a resonance linewidth of less than 100 kHz in a room temperature atomic ensemble limited by transit-time broadening. The resonance is switchable with an electric field of order 1 V/cm. We show that, even when photons with different wavevectors are involved, the resonance can be Doppler-free. Applications in electro-optic switching and photonic phase gates are discussed.
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