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Register a new userElectro-optic control of atom-light interactions using Rydberg dark-state polaritons
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We demonstrate a multiphoton Rydberg dark resonance where a Lambda-system is coupled to a Rydberg state. This N-type level scheme combines the ability to slow and store light pulses associated with long lived ground state superpositions, with the strongly interacting character of Rydberg states. For the nd_{5/2} Rydberg state in 87Rb (with n=26 or 44) and a beam size of 1 mm we observe a resonance linewidth of less than 100 kHz in a room temperature atomic ensemble limited by transit-time broadening. The resonance is switchable with an electric field of order 1 V/cm. We show that, even when photons with different wavevectors are involved, the resonance can be Doppler-free. Applications in electro-optic switching and photonic phase gates are discussed.
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The electro-optic effect, where the refractive index of a medium is modified by an electric field, is of central importance in non-linear optics, laser technology, quantum optics and optical communications. In general, electro-optic coefficients are very weak and a medium with a giant electro-optic coefficient would have profound implications for non-linear optics, especially at the single photon level, enabling single photon entanglement and switching. Here we propose and demonstrate a giant electro-optic effect based on polarizable dark states. We demonstrate phase modulation of the light field in the dark state medium and measure an electro-optic coefficient that is more than 12 orders of magnitude larger than in other gases. This enormous Kerr non-linearity also creates the potential for precision electrometry and photon entanglement.
We use a microwave field to control the quantum state of optical photons stored in a cold atomic cloud. The photons are stored in highly excited collective states (Rydberg polaritons) enabling both fast qubit rotations and control of photon-photon interactions. Through the collective read-out of these pseudo-spin rotations it is shown that the microwave field modifies the long-range interactions between polaritons. This technique provides a powerful interface between the microwave and optical domains, with applications in quantum simulations of spin liquids, quantum metrology and quantum networks.
We analyze the coupling of atoms or atom-like emitters to nanophotonic waveguides in the presence of propagating acoustic waves. Specifically, we show that strong index modulations induced by such waves can drastically modify the effective photonic density of states and thereby influence the strength, the directionality, as well as the overall characteristics of photon emission and absorption processes. These effects enable a complete dynamical control of light-matter interactions in waveguide structures, which even in a two dimensional system can be used to efficiently exchange individual photons along selected directions and with a very high fidelity. Such a quantum acousto-optical control provides a versatile tool for various quantum networking applications ranging from the distribution of entanglement via directional emitter-emitter interactions to the routing of individual photonic quantum states via acoustic conveyor belts.
A steady-state superradiant laser can be used to generate ultranarrow-linewidth light, and thus has important applications in the fields of quantum information and precision metrology. However, the light produced by such a laser is still essentially classical. Here, we show that the introduction of a Rydberg medium into a cavity containing atoms with a narrow optical transition can lead to the steady-state superradiant emission of ultranarrow-linewidth $nonclassical$ light. The cavity nonlinearity induced by the Rydberg medium strongly modifies the superradiance threshold, and leads to a Mollow triplet in the cavity output spectrum$-$this behavior can be understood as an unusual analogue of resonance fluorescence. The cavity output spectrum has an extremely sharp central peak, with a linewidth that can be far narrower than that of a classical superradiant laser. This unprecedented spectral sharpness, together with the nonclassical nature of the light, could lead to new applications in which spectrally pure $quantum$ light is desired.
We propose a two-qubit gate for neutral atoms in which one of the logical state components adiabatically follows a two-atom dark state formed by the laser coupling to a Rydberg state and a strong, resonant dipole-dipole exchange interaction between two Rydberg excited atoms. Our gate exhibits optimal scaling of the intrinsic error probability $E propto (Btau)^{-1}$ with the interatomic interaction strength $B$ and the Rydberg state lifetime $tau$. Moreover, the gate is resilient to variations in the interaction strength, and even for finite probability of double Rydberg excitation, the gate does not excite atomic motion and experiences no decoherence due to internal-translational entanglement.
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